The relevance of the research is caused by the need to obtain objective information about the patterns of territorial and temporal variability of vegetation state and the factors that determine it for the most effective use of lands in extreme natural and socio-economic conditions in the Republic of Iraq. The aim of the research is to analyze the dynamics of vegetation of territories of the four provinces in Central Iraq using the normalized difference vegetation index NDVI in the period from 2014 to 2017. The objects of the research are territories of Central Iraq: Babil, Baghdad, Wasit and Diyala. The subject of the study is temporal-territorial variability of vegetation state. Methods: remote sensing, thematic mapping, image processing, spatial data analysis, statistical analysis. Results. Patterns of temporarily-territorial dynamics of vegetation state in Central Iraq were revealed using vegetation index NDVI calculated with remote sensing data obtained by Landsat-8. Regional features of the vegetation structure and the rate of its state change were established. The maximum areas of non-vegetated territories were found in Baghdad and Wasit; covered by vegetation of most classes – also in Wasit; covered by dense vegetation – in Diyala, marked as well by minimum of barren areas. Babil is characterized by minimum area covered by vegetation. Baghdad in the studied indicators is intermediate. These patterns are poorly consistent with the absolute values of the province areas. They are caused by the prevailing economic conditions and are manifested in the qualitative and quantitative heterogeneity of the distribution of vegetation in the provinces. During the active stage of vegetation, from February to March, the variations in areas of non-vegetated territories, occupied by moderate and dense vegetation, are stable. At the same time, the variability of areas of territories with very dense vegetation is growing, with weak vegetation and vegetation of maximum density decreases. A correlation analysis between NDVI values and weather conditions did not reveal any significant relationships.

The relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to obtain objective information on the condition of forests for their protection from fires, diseases and pests, as well as for forestry and logging production. The aim of the research is the quantitative and qualitative assessment of changes in the condition of cedar forests on the example of the Tomsk region using ground survey methods and Earth remote sensing data. The objects of the research are the 13 cedar forests located on forest lands and belonging to the forestry branch of institution «Tomsk forest management» in Tomsk region. Methods: thematic mapping of the territory; calculation of the indicator of the number of photosynthetically active biomass NDVI (Nor' malize Difference Vegetation Index) on space images of medium spatial resolution (30 m) from the satellites Landsat 5 (camera TM), 7 (camera ETM+) and 8 (camera OLI), obtained in the period from 2002 to 2015 from the archive of the US Geological Survey using the Internet service Earth Explorer; spatial analysis of data using geographic information technologies; statistical processing of the obtained results by correlation and regression analysis. Result. A comprehensive assessment of 13 cedar forests was given; the dynamics of NDVI values in the period from 2002 to 2017 was analyzed; the main reason (illegal logging, windfalls, fires and spread of pests) were determined; the cedar forests were grouped accor' ding to their status; the maximum values of NDVI were set for the Bogashovskiy and Belousovskiy cedar forests, the minimum values of NDVI were set for Aksenovskiy, Protopopovskiy, Plotnikovskiy cedar forests; positive correlations between NDVI values and tree state were shown: high correlation – with the vital index, and the average correlation – with the weighted average tree state category in the forest; reliable correlation of NDVI values of cedar trees with the amount of precipitation and the amount of temperatures have not been found (except for the Aksenovskiy cedar forest, characterized as «severely weakened»); the proposed approaches are applicable to the evaluation of any cedar forests.

THE PURPOSE. Investigation of the control system of the cargo movement mechanism when using different variants of sensorless control. The search for the optimal option, in which the formation of the speed is identical to the data obtained from the speed sensor. Analysis of the results obtained during the study, including the results obtained taking into account the heating of the motor windings. METHODS. The tasks set during the research are implemented by simulation modeling using the Matlab Simulink computer simulation environment. RESULTS. The article considers systems with different types of velocity observers. A system is implemented that takes into account the heating of the stator and rotor windings of an asynchronous motor, in which a non-adaptive observer and different types of neural network controller were introduced. A combined method of using neural network regulators is proposed. CONCLUSION. Sensorless control systems are relevant for use in industries with the presence, according to the conditions of the technological process, of high temperatures. The conducted research has shown that the use of neural network technologies allows you to work with settings of different levels and types. The proposed method, implying the use of joint work of neural network observers with various neurostructures, allows for speed testing in the entire range. The connection with cloud storage present in the proposed structure leads to the unloading of the management system, allowing to increase the process of analyzing data coming from the object.

The History of Anthropology in Portugal began to be systematized after the 1974 Carnation Revolution, which ended the country’s dictatorship. In this paper we look at how the History of Portuguese Anthropology has been studied. That History includes some solid published contributions, as well as a number of individual articles that also help understand the context. On the one hand we seek to highlight the main ideas and discussions contained in that bibliography, while on the other suggesting possible paths which the History of Anthropology in Portugal could take in the future.

Trabalho apresentado em International Scientific Conference devoted to 195th Anniversary of the Founding of the Kharkov National Agrarian University V.V. Dokuchaev "Problems of Sustainable Development of Agrosphere", In Problems of Sustainable Development of Agrosphe - Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference devoted to 195th Anniversary of the Founding of the Kharkov National Agrarian University V.V. Dokuchaev (in Ucrainian), Kharkov.

Фибробетон (ФБ) представляет собой цементирующий материал, армированный дискретными волокнами, применение которого возросло за последние десятилетия. Тем не менее проектировщики имеют недостаточно опыта в отношении потенциальных возможностей этого материала и подхода к проектированию, который следует использовать при определении размеров элементов конструкций из ФБ. Представляем вашему вниманию комплексные рекомендации по проектированию изделий из фибробетона, приведенные в нормативе Model Code 2010 Международной федерации конструкционного бетона (FIB).

The diffusion of political and social corporatism, which with the single-party are hallmarks of the institutional transfers among European dictatorships, challenges some rigid dichotomous interpretations of interwar fascism. This chapter rethinks the role of corporatism as a political device against liberal democracy and especially as a set of authoritarian institutions that spread across inter-war Europe and which was an agent for the hybridization of the institutions of fascist-era dictatorships. We argue that corporatism was at the forefront of this process of cross-national diffusion, both as a new form of organized interest representation and as an authoritarian alternative to liberal democracy.