Conhecimentos dos diretores das escolas p?blicas de Diamantina/MG quanto ?s legisla??es sobre alimenta??o sa?davel: aplica??es, dificuldades e impactos junto ? comunidade estudantil

• Author(s): Nascimento, Gustavo Jos? Fonte B?a do
• Date: 2022
• Origin: Oasisbr
• Subject(s): Legisla??es; Alimenta??o escolar; Escolares; Diretores; Food law; School meals; Public school principals
• Document Type: Master thesis
• Language: Portuguese

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Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os conhecimentos de diretores de escolas p?blicas da rede municipal e estadual da cidade de Diamantina/MG quanto ?s legisla??es estaduais sobre alimenta??o saud?vel para o ambiente escolar, as altera??es na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educa??o Nacional, suas abrangentes aplica??es, dificuldades e impactos junto ? comunidade estudantil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, explorat?rio com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de maio a novembro de 2021. Foram entrevistados 35 diretores sendo (n=19 de escolas estaduais, n=09 de escolas municipais e n=07 de Centros Municipais de Educa??o Infantil - CMEIs), utilizando um question?rio estruturado, do software Google Forms. Dentre as escolas municipais, 12 estavam localizadas na sede do munic?pio e 04 nos distritos e povoados. Na rede estadual 13 das escolas estavam localizadas na sede do munic?pio e 06 nos distritos e povoados. Os dados foram apreciados atrav?s de an?lises estat?sticas descritivas realizadas atrav?s de tabelas de distribui??o de frequ?ncia (absoluta e relativa) e gr?ficos. Toda a an?lise foi realizada no software Microsoft Excel 2010 e/ou Google Forms. Os resultados do presente trabalho indicaram que todos os diretores envolvidos na pesquisa possu?am algum grau de conhecimento acerca das legisla??es sobre alimenta??o saud?vel, entretanto tal conhecimento n?o foi verificado concernente a todas as leis, 82,90% (n=29) conheciam a Lei 15.072/04; 77,10% (n=27) a Resolu??o n? 1.511/10 e apenas 57,10% (n=20) a Lei 18.372/09. Em todas as escolas abrangidas pela pesquisa a modalidade de alimenta??o foi gratuita, o card?pio elaborado por nutricionistas e n?o se verificou a comercializa??o de produtos e bebidas em cantinas. A altera??o da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educa??o Nacional com a inclus?o da Educa??o Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) nas disciplinas de Ci?ncias e Biologia foi de conhecimento de 71,40% (n=26) dos participantes. Foi poss?vel deduzir pelo estudo que em 68,57% (n=24) das escolas o corpo docente estava apto a transmitir aos alunos conceitos da EAN. Mudan?as positivas t?m sido observadas junto aos alunos, posto que em 74,29% (n=26) das institui??es pesquisadas os discentes demonstraram melhor aceita??o da alimenta??o saud?vel servida no ambiente escolar. A partir dos resultados foi poss?vel inferir que a comunidade estudantil assistida pelas escolas do presente estudo esta incorporando novos e saud?veis h?bitos alimentares em seu cotidiano, assim como constatou-se a fragilidade no desenho tra?ado pelas legisla??es estaduais para a promo??o da alimenta??o saud?vel em escolas p?blicas, referente ao envolvimento dos seus diversos atores sociais e a sociedade civil.

Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ensino em Sa?de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2021.

The objective of this study was to analyze the knowledge of Public School Principals in the municipal and state network of Diamantina city in the state of Minas Gerais, regarding state legislation on eating healthy for school environment, changes in the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educa??o Nacional (LDB - Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education National), its wide-ranging applications, difficulties and impacts on the student community. This is a cross-sectional descriptive, exploratory study with a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out from May to November 2021. Were interviewed 35 Principals (n=19 from state schools, n=9 from municipal schools and n=7 from Centros Municipais de Educa??o Infantil (CMEI - Municipal Child Education Centers) from a structured questionnaire, using the Google Forms software. Among the municipal schools, 12 were located in the county seat and 04 in districts and villages. In the state network, 13 of the schools were located in the county seat and 06 in districts and villages. Data was assessed through descriptive statistical analysis performed using frequency distribution tables (absolute and relative) and graphs. All analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and/or Google Forms software. The results of this study indicated that all Principals involved in the research had some degree of knowledge about legislation on healthy eating, however such knowledge was not verified concerning all laws, 82.90% (n=29) knew about Law 15.072/04; 77, 10% (n=27) knew about Resolution No. 1,511/10 and only 57.10% (n=20) knew about Law 18.372/09. In all schools included in the research the type of food was free, the menu was prepared by nutritionists, and the sale of products and beverages in canteens was not verified. The change in the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educa??o Nacional (LDB - Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education) with the inclusion of Educa??o Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN - Food and Nutrition Education) in the subjects of Science and Biology was known to 71.40% (n=26) of the participants. It was possible to deduce from the study that in 68.57% (n=24) of the schools, the teaching staff were able to transmit concepts of EAN. Positive changes were observed among students, since in 74.29% (n=26) of the institutions surveyed, students showed better acceptance of healthy food served in the school environment. From the study results it was possible to infer that the student community assisted by the study schools is incorporating new and healthy eating habits into their daily lives, as well as the fragility in the design traced by the state legislations for promotion of eating healthy at public schools, referring to the involvement of its various social actors and civil society.