Author(s): Esteves, Inês Martins ; Coelho, Marcia Silva ; Neves, Hugo ; Pestana-Santos, Marcia ; Reis Santos, Margarida
Date: 2022
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/39241
Origin: Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto
Subject(s): Adolescentes; Ansiedade perioperatória
Aim: To evaluate the e,ectiveness of family-centred educational interventions on the anxiety, pain and behaviours of children and adolescents (three to 19 years old) and their parents’ anxiety during the perioperative journey. Design: Systematic review of e,ectiveness and meta-analysis. Data sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, SciELO and Sources of unpublished studies OpenGrey, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, and RCAAP – Portugal were systematically searched from January 2007 to April 2021 for available articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Review methods: This review followed the methodology for systematic reviews of e,ectiveness from Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Included studies were critically appraised using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomised Controlled Trials and JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies. Data was synthesised through meta-analysis, using a random-e,ects model in the Stata Statistical SoZtware 16.0, and narrative synthesis. Two independent reviewers performed the selection process, critical analysis, and data extraction. Results: Twenty-eight studies (26 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and two quasi-randomised controlled trials) were included with a total of 2516 families. In a meta-analysis of ten RCTs with 761 participants, pre-operative anxiety management was more e,ective in children and adolescents who received educational interventions (SMD = -1.02; SE = 0.36; 95% CI [-1.73; -0.32]). At the induction of anaesthesia, children and adolescents were significantly less anxious (SMD = -1.54; SE = 0.62; 95% CI [-2.72; -0.36]) and demonstrated better compliance than controls (SMD = -1.40; SE = 0.67; 95% CI [-2.72; -0.09]). Post-operative pain (SMD = -0.43; SE = 0.33; 95% CI [-1.05; 0.19]) and pre-operative parental anxiety (SMD = -0.94; SE = 1.00; 95% CI [-2.87; 0.99]) were reduced in favour of the educational interventions. Conclusion: Family-centred educational interventions probably lead to a considerable reduction of paediatric and parental anxiety and improve paediatric behaviours at induction of anaesthesia. The evidence is very uncertain regarding the e,ectiveness of these interventions on post-operative paediatric maladaptive behaviours and pain intensity or parental anxiety levels at the induction of anaesthesia.
