Estudo qu??mico de galhos de Zanthoxylum djalma-batistae e r??quis foliar de Spathelia excelsa (Rutaceae)

• Author(s): Carvalho, Loretta Ennes de
• Date: 2015
• Origin: Oasisbr
• Subject(s): Zanthoxyllum djalma-batistae; Spathelia excelsa; Estudo fitoqu??mico; Phytochemical study; CI??NCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA: QU??MICA
• Document Type: Master thesis
• Language: Portuguese

Description

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient??fico e Tecnol??gico

The family Rutaceae presents a great diversity of secondary metabolites with potential biological and/or pharmaceutical, which has attracted interest in the studies of its species. Although the Amazon possess a great diversity of species belonging to this family, there are few studies involving the identification of their secondary metabolites. To contribute to the knowledge of the chemical profile of the family in the region, was selected for this study Zanthoxyllum djalma-batistae (Albuq.) P.G. Waterman and Spathelia excelsa (Krause) R.S. Cowan & Brizicky species. Thus, were collected branches of Z. djalma-batistae and foliar rachis of S. excelsa of individuals occurring in the Ducke Reserve for phytochemical studies. The branches methanolic extract of Z. djalma-batista was submitted to a partition, resulting in 4 organic phases. The hexane and dichloromethane phases, after successive fractioning gave the isolation of the mixture of the triterpenes lupeol and epilupeol. The methanolic extract of the foliar rachis of S. excelsa was fractionated on a column of silica gel yielding 56 fractions. The fraction 43 was subjected to further fractionation in columns of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 resulting in the isolation of limonoids perforatine and limonine diosphenol, in addition to chromone identified as biflorin. The fractionation of the CH2Cl2 extract was performed on a column of silica gel, resulting in 43 fractions and the fraction 40 with solid was purified in acetone the glabretal triterpene type 3??-angeloyl-21,24-epoxy-7??, 21??,23??,25-tetrahydroxy-4??,4??,8??,10??-tetramethyl-25-dimethyl-14,18-cyclo-5??,13??,14??17??-cholestane. Also the essential oil was obtained for hydrodistillation of the foliar rachis of S. excelsa and on the basis of the analyses for GC/MS were identified 13 volatile components (sesquiterpenes), predominating caryophyllene-epoxide (20.54%), ??-bisabolene (9.87%), 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (7.51%) and ??-cadinene (4.68%).

A fam??lia Rutaceae apresenta uma grande diversidade de metab??litos secund??rios, com potencial biol??gico e/ou farmac??utico, o que tem despertado interesse nos estudos de suas esp??cies. Apesar da Amaz??nia possuir uma grande diversidade de esp??cies pertencentes a esta fam??lia, existem poucos trabalhos envolvendo a identifica????o de seus metab??litos secund??rios. Visando contribuir para o conhecimento do perfil qu??mico da fam??lia na regi??o, selecionou-se para este estudo as esp??cies Zanthoxyllum djalma-batistae (Albuq.) P.G. Waterman e Spathelia excelsa (Krause) R.S. Cowan & Brizicky. Assim, coletaram-se galhos de Z. djalma-batistae e r??quis foliares de S. excelsa de indiv??duos ocorrentes na Reserva Ducke, para estudos fitoqu??micos. O extrato metan??lico dos galhos de Z. djalma-batistae foi submetido a uma parti????o, originando 4 fases org??nicas. As fases em hexano e diclorometano, ap??s sucessivos fracionamentos cromatogr??ficos forneceram a mistura dos triterpenos lupeol e epilupeol. O extrato metan??lico dos r??quis foliares de S. excelsa foi fracionado em coluna de s??lica gel fornecendo 56 fra????es. A fra????o 43 foi submetida a novos fracionamentos em colunas de s??lica gel e Sephadex LH-20 resultando no isolamento dos limon??ides perforatina e limonina diosfenol, al??m da cromona identificada como biflorina. O fracionamento do extrato em CH2Cl2 dos r??quis foliares foi efetuado em coluna de s??lica gel, resultando em 43 fra????es e da fra????o 40, contendo s??lido, foi purificado em acetona o triterpeno do tipo glabretal 3??-angeloil-21,24-ep??xi 7??,21??,23??,25-tetra-hidr??xi-4??,4??,8??,10??-tetrametil-25-dimetil-14,18-ciclo-5??,13??,4??,17??-colestano. Tamb??m foi obtido ??leo essencial, por hidrodestila????o dos r??quis foliares de S. excelsa e com base nas an??lises por CG/EM identificaram-se 13 componentes vol??teis (sesquiterpenos), predominando o ep??xi-cariofileno (20,54%), ??-bisaboleno (9,87%), 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (7,51%) e ??-cadineno (4,68%).