Autor(es): Almeida, Maria Cust??dia da Silva Meirelles
Data: 2015
Origem: Oasisbr
Assunto(s): Mineralogia - Forma????o Alter do Ch??o (AM); Per??odo Cret??ceo - Forma????o Alter do Ch??o (AM); Acidifica????o do solo; Processos geomorfol??gicos; CI??NCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA: GEOCI??NCIAS
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Morphological, physical, chemical, and mineralogical organizations were conducted on soils desrived from the Alter do Ch??o Formation sediments, which occupy the Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM) campus, for the aim of subsidizing the understanding these soils???formation processes and classification. Five soil profiles were selecred in two toposequences: profile (CAM1), occurring on the relief???s high part (top); on backslope (CAM2 and CAM4) and on foot slope (CAM3 and CAM5). Profile CAM6 is located on a different area from the others, namely the sandy region. The soils were described morphologically and submited to granulometric, chemical, and mineralogical analyses. The profiles presented A-B and A-C horizon sequences. CAM1 with granular structure and very small blocks; and CAM2 with medium-sized blocks structure, reveal water dynamics influence in the transformation from Bw to Bt. Profile CAM1 (top) presents a very clayey texture, just as CAM2 e CAM4 profiles related with a colluvium mantle, present m??dium- clayey texture. Profile CAM3, from mixed colluvium and alluvium sediments, dysplay glerization colors and medium/sandy texture, similar to that of CAM5 profile. CAM6 profile testure is typical to the sandy domain. Soils were moderately to highly acidic, allic and dystrofic, with ki ratio around 2.0, indicating a high extent of weathering. The mineralogical examination recorded kaolinite with a high crystallinity degree in every soil. Profiles were classified as Yellow Latosol (CAM1), Yellow Argisol (CAM2 and CAM4), Fluvic Neosol (CAM3), Cambisol (CAM5), and Quarzipsammentic Neosol (CAM6).
Caracteriza????es morfol??gicas, f??sicas, qu??micas e mineral??gicas foram realizadas em solos derivados de sedimentos da Forma????o Alter do Ch??o que ocupam o campus da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), com o objetivo de subsidiar o entendimento dos processos de forma????o e de classifica????o desses solos, Foram selecionados em duas toposseq????ncias, seis perfis de solo: o perfil (CAM1), ocorrendo na parte alta do relevo (topo); na encosta (CAM2 e CAM4) e na baixada (CAM3, CAM5 e CAM6). Os solos foram descritos morfologicamente e submetidos ??s an??lises granulom??tricas, qu??micas e mineral??gicas. Os perfis apresentaram seq????ncias A-B e A-C CAM1 com estrutura granular e muito pequenos blocos; e CAM2, com estrutura de m??dios blocos, evidenciam influ??ncia da din??mica da ??gua na transforma????o Bw para Bt. O perfil CAM1 (topo) tem textura muito argilosa, bem como, os perfis CAM2 e CAM4 relacionados com uma rampa de col??vio, t??m texturas m??dia/argilosas. O perfil CAM3, originado de sedimentos col??vio-aluvionais, mostra cores de gleiza????o e textura m??dia/arenosa, similar ?? textura do perfil CAM5. A textura do perfil CAM6 ?? t??pica do dom??nio arenoso. Os solos foram moderados e fortemente ??cidos, ??licos e distr??ficos, com Ki em torno de 2,0, indicando alto grau de intemperismo. O exame mineral??gico registrou caulinita com elevado grau de cristalinidade, em todos os solos. Os perfis foram classificados como Latossolo Amarelo (CAM1), Argissolo Amarelo (CAM2 e CAM4), Neossolo Fl??vico (CAM3), Cambissolo (CAM5), Neossolo Quartzar??nico (CAM6).
