Avalia????o da atividade antibacteriana, antif??ngica e antimal??rico de extratos, fra????es e composto obtidos de plantas da Regi??o Amaz??nica

• Author(s): Bastos, Ivanildes dos Santos
• Date: 2017
• Origin: Oasisbr
• Subject(s): Plantas amaz??nicas; Antimicrobianos - Resist??ncia; Antif??ngico; Antimal??rico; Resist??ncia bacteriana; Plantas medicinais; CI??NCIAS DA SA??DE
• Document Type: Master thesis
• Language: Portuguese

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FAPEAM - Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas

The great increase of resistance of bacteria, fungi and parasites to conventional antimicrobial available has become a problem of global health generating a negative impact on the treatment of these infections and with this generates an urgent necessity for new therapeutic approaches. Within this context, the studies with plants represent priority in Amazonia, for the variety and richness of its flora.This way the purpose of this work was to evaluate different extracts and tranches in different solvents, from twenty-five species of amazonian plants against thirty seven bacterial strains, a strain of Candida albicans and one strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FCR3). Of the twenty-five species of plants, fifteen presented activities, being that eleven showed activity against Candida albicans and four against Plasmodium falciparum. In bacterial screening was obtained results more promising for the extracts of Caryocar villosum against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus liquiniformes, Bacillus subtilis. Streptococcus pyogenis and Gram-negative Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella arizonae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhi and Shigella flexneri. Other samples that demonstrate excellent activities were the extracts and fractions and isolated composed of Aniba panurensis front the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus simulans and Streptococcus agalactiae. And the fractions in DCM branches of A. rail and Octoea leucoxylon front Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus simulans and fra??ao ethyl acetate branches of Aniba parviflora front Streptococcus simulans. In the screening of antifungal activity, the best results were for the ethanolic extract of Inga edulis seeds and husks and the hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of Garcinia madruno and ethanolic extract of the stems of Ocotea leucoxylon. In the screening against Plasmodium falciparum the best results were demonstrated in extracts of Theobroma grandiflorum, Euterpe precatoria, Garcinia madruno and Platonia insignis. And the data reported here are of the utmost importance, taking into account the importance of medical micro-organisms, because they provide evidence that the extracts, fractions and isolated may be considered future antimicrobial agents or help in lockable bactericide of Bacillus liquiniformes, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureaus, MRSA, Streptococcus simulans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenic, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella arizonae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella thypi e Shigella flexneri e contra Candida albicans e Plasmodium falciparum.

O grande aumento da resist??ncia de bact??rias, fungos e parasitas aos antimicrobianos convencionais dispon??veis v??m se tornando um problema de sa??de global gerando um impacto negativo sobre o tratamento destas infec????es e com isto gera uma necessidade urgente de novas abordagens terap??uticas. Dentro desse contexto, os estudos com plantas representam prioridade na Amaz??nia, pela variedade e riqueza de sua flora. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar diversos extratos e fra????es em diferentes solventes, provenientes de vinte e cinco esp??cies de plantas amaz??nicas contra treze cepas de bact??rias gram-positivas e vinte quatro Gram-negativas, uma cepa de Candida albicans e uma cepa de Plasmodium falciparum (FCR3). Das vinte cinco esp??cies de plantas, quinze apresentaram atividades, sendo que onze apresentam atividades frente as bact??rias Gram-positivas, nove contra as Gram-negativas, nove apresentaram atividades contra Candida albicans e quatro contra Plasmodium falciparum. Na triagem bacteriana obteve-se resultados mais promissoras para os extratos de Caryocar villosum contra as bact??rias Gram-positivas Bacillus liquiniformes, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenis e Gram-negativas Yersinia enterocol??tica, Salmonella arizonae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhi e Shigella flexneri. Outras amostras que demostram excelente atividades foram os extratos e fra????es e isolado composto de Aniba panurensis frente as bact??rias Gram-positivas Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (MRSA), Staphylococcus simulans e Streptococcus agalactiae. E as fra????es em diclorometano dos galhos de Aniba ferrea e Ocotea leucoxylon frente Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus simulans e a fra????o em acetato de et??la dos galhos de Aniba parviflora frente Staphylococcus simulans. Na triagem da atividade antif??ngica, os melhores resultados obtidos, foram para o extrato etan??lico das sementes e cascas de Ing?? edulis e o extrato hidroalco??lico das sementes de Garcinia madruno e extrato etan??lico dos galhos de Ocotea leucoxylon. Na triagem contra Plasmodium falciparum os melhores resultados obtidos foram demostrados nos extratos de Theobroma grandiflorum, Euterpe precat??ria, Garcinia madruno e Platonia insignis. Os dados aqui relatados s??o de suma import??ncia, levando em conta a import??ncia m??dica dos micro-organismos, pois fornecem evid??ncias de que os extratos, fra????es e isolado possam ser considerados futuros agentes antimicrobianos ou ajudem na a????o bactericida de Bacillus liquiniformes, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus resistente a metilicina (MRSA), Streptococcus simulans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenis, Yersinia enterocol??tica, Salmonella arizonae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhi e Shigella flexneri e contra Candida albicans e Plasmodium falciparum.