Author(s): Carvalho, Dayanne de Souza ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-6793
Date: 2019
Origin: Oasisbr
Subject(s): Plantas medicinais; Medicina popular - Amazonas (Estado); OUTROS; Amaz??nia brasileira; Conhecimento tradicional; Flora; Medicina popular
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FAPEAM - Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
(97)981056384
The herbal knowledge are elements belonging to popular culture and enhance its use implies in maintaining the tradition of rural communities. The use of plants for the treatment of diseases and health benefits was established as a socially viable and affordable alternative. In this context, the objective of this study was to carry out an ethnobotanical survey of plants with medicinal properties, present in San Francisco settlement of the backyards in the town of Canutama - AM. The methodology consisted in using the method of "snowball", semi-structured interviews and tour-guided, has characterized the socioeconomic profile of 32 residents, out of 269 families, described the use of plant species with therapeutic potential, analyzed perception as to the importance of them, as well as investigated the factors that influence the use of plants for medicinal purposes. It was determined the relative importance of species and evaluated the consensus on therapeutic indications assigned by informants. Also developed the botanical collection and herborization. Most respondents consisted of women (59,4%), 59% of respondents were between 41 and 60, 66% had incomplete primary and 38% receive only a minimal salary. The boldo (Plectranthus ornatus Codd) has emerged as the most important medicinal plant. Regarding the forms of acquisition of knowledge, nine people cited the family, especially mother, grandparents and parents. Were recorded 85 species belonging to 40 botanical families, highlighting Lamiaceae (11 species) and Asteraceae (seven species). The most cited species were chinese boldo (Plectranthus ornatus Codd), holy grass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.), crajiru (Friderica chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) LG Lohmann), lemongrass (Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Br. ex P. Wilson), ginger (Zingiber officinale (Willd.) Roscoe), coarse mint (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng) and andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.). There was a predominance of exotic species (53%) and herbs (48%). The relative importance, andiroba and lemongrass obtained the maximum value (RI = 2). Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue and external cause lesions showed greater consensus among informants. Inflammation, stomach pain and flu consisted of the indications that stood out. The sheet out of the most widely used plant. The forms most representative preparation have been infusion and decoction. The ethnobotanical survey conducted in the settlement showed the diversity of plant species that are used for the treatment of diseases and significant knowledge of the informants about them, which is transmitted from generation to generation.
Os conhecimentos fitoter??picos s??o elementos pertencentes ?? cultura popular e refor??ar seu uso implica na manuten????o da tradi????o das comunidades rurais. A utiliza????o de plantas para o tratamento de doen??as e benef??cios ?? sa??de constitui-se como uma alternativa socialmente vi??vel e economicamente acess??vel. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em realizar um levantamento etnobot??nico de plantas com propriedades medicinais, presentes em quintais do assentamento S??o Francisco, no munic??pio de Canutama - AM. A metodologia constituiu-se na utiliza????o do m??todo da ???bola de neve???, entrevistas semiestruturadas e turn??s-guiadas, foi caracterizado o perfil socioecon??mico de 32 moradores, do total de 269 fam??lias, descrito o uso das esp??cies vegetais com potencial terap??utico, analisada a percep????o destes quanto ?? import??ncia delas, assim como investigou-se os fatores que influenciam o emprego das plantas com fins medicinais. Determinou-se a import??ncia relativa das esp??cies e avaliou-se o consenso sobre as indica????es terap??uticas atribu??das pelos informantes. Tamb??m desenvolveu-se a coleta bot??nica e herboriza????o. A maior parte dos entrevistados foi constitu??da por mulheres (59,4%), 59% dos entrevistados possu??am entre 41 e 60 anos, 66% apresentaram o Ensino Fundamental incompleto e 38% recebem somente um sal??rio m??nimo. O boldo (Plectranthus ornatus Codd) destacou-se como a planta medicinal mais importante. Em rela????o ??s formas de aquisi????o do conhecimento, nove pessoas citaram a fam??lia, com destaque para m??e, av??s e pais. Foram registradas 85 esp??cies pertencentes a 40 fam??lias bot??nicas, destacando-se Lamiaceae (11 esp??cies) e Asteraceae (sete esp??cies). As esp??cies mais citadas foram boldo chin??s (Plectranthus ornatus Codd), capim santo (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.), crajiru (Friderica chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) L.G. Lohmann), erva-cidreira (Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Br. ex P. Wilson), gengibre (Zingiber officinale (Willd.) Roscoe), hortel??-gra??do (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng) e andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.). Houve o predom??nio de esp??cies ex??ticas (53%) e de ervas (48%). Quanto ?? import??ncia relativa, andiroba e capim santo obtiveram o valor m??ximo (IR = 2). Doen??as do sistema osteomuscular e do tecido conjuntivo e les??es de causa externa indicaram maior consenso entre os informantes. Inflama????o, dor no est??mago e gripe consistiram nas indica????es que se destacaram. A folha fora a parte da planta mais utilizada. As formas de preparo mais representativas foram infus??o e decoc????o. A pesquisa etnobot??nica realizada no assentamento evidenciou a diversidade de esp??cies vegetais que s??o utilizadas para o tratamento de doen??as e significativo conhecimento dos informantes acerca delas, o qual ?? transmitido de gera????o em gera????o.
