Autor(es): Vasconcelos, Pedro Fernando da Costa ; Rosa, Jorge Fernando Soares Travassos da ; Rosa, Am?lia Paes de Andrade Travassos da ; D?gallier, Nicolas ; Pinheiro Filho, Francisco de Paula ; S? Filho, Greg?rio Carrera
Data: 2017
Origem: Oasisbr
Assunto(s): Encefalite; Encefalite por Arbovirus; Amaz?nia Brasileira (BR); Regi?o Norte (BR); Bragan?a (PA)
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Funda??o Servi?os de Sa?de P?blica. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Bel?m, PA, Brasil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Funda??o Servi?os de Sa?de P?blica. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Bel?m, PA, Brasil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Funda??o Servi?os de Sa?de P?blica. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Bel?m, PA, Brasil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Funda??o Servi?os de Sa?de P?blica. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Bel?m, PA, Brasil.
PAHO/WHO. Washington, DC, USA.
PAHO/WHO. Washington, DC, USA.
Os autores rev?em os aspectos ecoepidemiol?gicos apresentados pelos v?rus da encefalite de St. Louis (SLE), encefalites equinas Leste (EEE), Oeste (WEE) e Venezuelana [subtipos III, Mucambo (MUC) e IV, Pixuna (PIX)], decorrentes dos estudos realizados em diversas ?reas da Regi?o Amaz?nica brasileira, especialmente ao longo das rodovias e projetos de desenvolvimento. Esses v?rus s?o amplamente distribu?dos na Amaz?nia e pelo menos quatro deles, EEE, WEE, MUC e SLE j? demonstraram ser pat?genos do homem. O diagn?stico da doen?a humana foi feito por sorologia, sendo que de MUC e SLE obteve-se tamb?m isolamento virai. O v?rus PIX, parece ser o menos prevalente e foi isolado em poucas oportunidades. Virtualmente se desconhecem os vetores do PIX e WEE. As aves silvestres constituem os hospedeiros principais de todos esses v?rus, exceto do MUC, para o qual constituem os roedores. O quadro cl?nico apresentado pelos pacientes infectados na Amaz?nia ? discutido, comparando-o ao apresentado em outras ?reas, especialmente nos EUA, onde periodicamente SLE, EEE e WEE causam surtos de doen?a humana. Nenhuma epidemia foi at? o presente detectada, embora em 1960 uma epizootia em eqiiinos causada peio EEE tenha sido registrada em Bragan?a, Par?, onde em um rebanho de 500 animais ocorreu uma letalidade de 5%. Quatro outras pequenas epizootias determinadas pelo SLE ocorreram nas florestas adjacentes a Bel?m, envolvendo aves silvestres e animais sentinelas.
An overview of ecological, epidemiological and clinicai findings of potendal arthropod-bome encephalitis viruses circulating in the Amazon Region of Brazil are discussed. These viruses are the Eastem Equine Encephalitis (EEE), Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE), St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE), Mucambo (MUC) and Pixuna (PIX). These last two are subtypes (III and IV) of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus. The ?reas of study were the highways and projects of development, as well as places where outbreaks of human diseases caused by arboviruses had been detected. These viruses are widespread in aU Amaz?nia, and at least four of them, EEE, WEE, SLE and MUC are pathogenic to man. EEE and WEE infections were detected by serology, while SLE and MUC by either serology and virus isolation. The PIX virus has the lowest prevalence and, it was isolated in only a few cases, one being from a laboratory infection. Wild birds are the main hosts for ali these viruses, except MUC, whose major hosts are rodents. The symptoms presented by infected people were generally a mild febrile illness. Although, jaundice was observed in two individuais from whom SLE was isolated. A comparison of the clinicai symptoms presented by the patients in the Amazon Region and other ?reas of America, especially in the USA is made. In Brazilian Amazon region epidemics have not been detected although, at least, one EEE epizootic was recorded in Bragan?a, Para State, in 1960. At that time, of 500 horses that were examined 61% were positive to EE1-: by Hl and of them 8.2% died. On the other hand. SLE has caused four epizootics in a forest near Bel?m. Wild birds and sentinel monkeys were infected, but no human cases were reported.
