Psychometric properties and correlates of precarious manhood beliefs in 62 nations

• Author(s): Bosson, Jennifer K. ; Jurek, Paweł ; Vandello, Joseph A. ; Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza ; Olech, Michał ; Besta, Tomasz ; Bender, Michael ; Hoorens, Vera ; Becker, Maja ; Sevincer, A. Timur ; Best, Deborah L. ; Dandy, Justine ; Lemus, Soledad de ; Dhakal, Sandesh ; Dvorianchikov, Nikolay ; Egami, Sonoko ; Etchezahar, Edgardo ; Esteves, Carla Sofia ; Felix, Neto ; Froehlich, Laura ; Garcia-Sanchez, Efrain ; Moscatelli, Silvia ; Gavreliuc, Alin ; Gavreliuc, Dana ; Gomez, Ángel ; Guizzo, Francesca ; Graf, Sylvie ; Greijdanus, Hedy ; Grigoryan, Ani ; Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Joanna ; Guerch, Keltouma ; Sendén, Marie Gustafsson ; Moynihan, Andrew Bryan ; Hale, Miriam Linnea ; Hämer, Hannah ; Hirai, Mika ; Duc, Lam Hoang ; Hřebíčková, Martina ; Hutchings, Paul B. ; Jensen, Dorthe Høj ; Jasinskaja-Lahti, Inga ; Karabati, Serdar ; Kelmendi, Kaltrina ; Muller, Dominique ; Kengyel, Gabriella ; Khachatryan, Narine ; Ghazzawi, Rawan ; Kinahan, Mary ; Kirby, Teri A. ; Kovács, Monika ; Kozlowski, Desiree ; Krivoshchekov, Vladislav ; Kulich, Clara ; Kurosawa, Tai ; Narhetali, Erita ; An, Nhan Thi Lac ; Labarthe, Javier ; Latu, Ioana ; Lauri, Mary Anne ; Mankowski, Eric ; Lawal, Abiodun Musbau ; Li, Junyi ; Lindner, Jana ; Lindqvist, Anna ; Maitner, Angela T. ; Neto, Félix ; Makarova, Elena ; Makashvili, Ana ; Malayeri, Shera ; Malik, Sadia ; Mancini, Tiziana ; Manzi, Claudia ; Mari, Silvia ; Martiny, Sarah E. ; Mayer, Claude Hélène ; Mihić, Vladimir ; Noels, Kimberly A. ; Đorđević, Jasna Milošević ; Moreno-Bella, Eva ; Nyúl, Boglárka ; O’Connor, Emma C. ; Ochoa, Danielle P. ; Ohno, Sachiko ; Safdar, Saba ; Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju ; Osborne, Randall ; Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina ; Palacio, Jorge ; Patnaik, Snigdha ; Pavlopoulos, Vassilis ; León, Pablo Pérez de ; Piterová, Ivana ; Porto, Juliana Barreiros ; Puzio, Angelica ; Włodarczyk, Anna ; Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna ; Pérez, Erico Rentería ; Renström, Emma ; Rousseaux, Tiphaine ; Ryan, Michelle K. ; Sainz, Mario ; Salvati, Marco ; Samekin, Adil ; Schindler, Simon ; Seydi, Masoumeh ; Zawisza, Magdalena ; Shepherd, Debra ; Sherbaji, Sara ; Schmader, Toni ; Simão, Cláudia ; Sobhie, Rosita ; Souza, Lucille De ; Sarter, Emma ; Sulejmanović, Dijana ; Sullivan, Katie E. ; Tatsumi, Mariko ; Żadkowska, Magdalena ; Tavitian-Elmadjian, Lucy ; Thakur, Suparna Jain ; Chi, Quang Thi Mong ; Torre, Beatriz ; Torres, Ana ; Torres, Claudio V. ; Türkoğlu, Beril ; Ungaretti, Joaquín ; Valshtein, Timothy ; Laar, Colette Van ; Abuhamdeh, Sami ; Noll, Jolanda van der ; Vasiutynskyi, Vadym ; Vauclair, Christin Melanie ; Venäläinen, Satu ; Vohra, Neharika ; Walentynowicz, Marta ; Ward, Colleen ; Yang, Yaping ; Yzerbyt, Vincent ; Zanello, Valeska ; Agyemang, Collins Badu ; Zapata-Calvente, Antonella Ludmila ; Žukauskienė, Rita ; Akbaş, Gülçin ; Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan ; Ammirati, Soline ; Anderson, Joel ; Anjum, Gulnaz ; Ariyanto, Amarina ; Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R. ; Ashraf, Mujeeba ; Bakaitytė, Aisté ; Bertolli, Chiara ; Bërxulli, Dashamir ; Bi, Chongzeng ; Block, Katharina ; Boehnke, Mandy ; Bongiorno, Renata ; Bosak, Janine ; Casini, Annalisa ; Chen, Qingwei ; Chi, Peilian ; Adoric, Vera Cubela ; Daalmans, Serena
• Date: 2021
• Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/32344
• Origin: Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa
• Subject(s): Ambivalence toward men; Ambivalent sexism; Precarious manhood beliefs; Psychometric isomorphism
• Document Type: Journal article
• Language: English
• Contributor(s): Veritati

Description

Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.