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Background: Rheumatic diseases in children are associated with significant morbidity and poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL). There is no health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scale available specifically for children with less common rheumatic diseases. These diseases share several features with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) such as their chronic episodic nature, multi-systemic involvement, and the need for immunosuppressive medications. HRQOL scale developed for pediatric SLE will likely be applicable to children with systemic inflammatory diseases.Findings: We adapted Simple Measure of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY (c)) to Simple Measure of Impact of Illness in Youngsters (SMILY (c)-Illness) and had it reviewed by pediatric rheumatologists for its appropriateness and cultural suitability. We tested SMILY (c)-Illness in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases and then translated it into 28 languages. Nineteen children (79% female, n= 15) and 17 parents participated. The mean age was 12 +/- 4 years, with median disease duration of 21 months (1-172 months). We translated SMILY (c)-Illness into the following 28 languages: Danish, Dutch, French (France), English (UK), German (Germany), German (Austria), German (Switzerland), Hebrew, Italian, Portuguese (Brazil), Slovene, Spanish (USA and Puerto Rico), Spanish (Spain), Spanish (Argentina), Spanish (Mexico), Spanish (Venezuela), Turkish, Afrikaans, Arabic (Saudi Arabia), Arabic (Egypt), Czech, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Japanese, Romanian, Serbian and Xhosa.Conclusion: SMILY (c)-Illness is a brief, easy to administer and score HRQOL scale for children with systemic rheumatic diseases. It is suitable for use across different age groups and literacy levels. SMILY (c)-Illness with its available translations may be used as useful adjuncts to clinical practice and research.
Rutgers State Univ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA
Rutgers State Univ, Child Hlth Inst New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
Hosp Special Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Red Cross War Mem Childrens Hosp, Cape Town, South Africa
Ain Shams Univ, Pediat Allergy Immunol & Rheumatol Unit, Cairo, Egypt
Ain Shams Univ, Pediat Rheumatol Pediat Allergy Immunol & Rheum, Cairo, Egypt
King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Gen Univ Hosp, Prague, Czech Republic
Univ Hosp Motol, Dept Pediat, Prague, Czech Republic
Aarhus Univ, Hosp Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
Rigshosp, Juliane Marie Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Univ Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Immunol, Utrecht, Netherlands
Wilhelmina Childrens Hosp, Utrecht, Netherlands
Great Ormond St Hosp Sick Children, Children NHS Fdn Trust, Renal Unit, London, England
Lyon Univ, Hosp Civils Lyon, Rheumatol & Dermatol Dept, Lyon, France
Med Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Prim Univ Doz, Bregenz, Austria
Hamburg Ctr Pediat & Adolescence Rheumatol, Hamburg, Germany
Asklepios Clin Sankt, Augustin, Germany
Univ Zurich, Childrens Hosp, Zurich, Switzerland
Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Pediat Immunol & Rheumatol Referral Ctr, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
Israel Meir Hosp, Kefar Sava, Israel
Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Semmelweis Univ, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
Anna Meyer Hosp, Florence, Italy
Univ Siena, Res Ctr System Autoimmune & Autoinflammatory Dis, I-53100 Siena, Italy
Univ Florence, Florence, Italy
Osped Pediat Bambino Gesu, IRCCS, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Rome, Italy
Univ Genoa Pediat II Reumatol, Ist G Gaslini EULAR, Ctr Excellence Rheumatol, Genoa, Italy
Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Inst Pediat, Rome, Italy
Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Padua, Italy
Yokohama City Univ, Sch Med, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232, Japan
Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Med, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Pediat, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Univ Estado do, Adolescent Hlth Care Unit, Div Pediat Rheumatol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Childrens Inst, Dept Pediat,Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Childrens Inst, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Clin Pediat I, Cluj Napoca, Romania
Inst Rheumatol, Belgrade, Serbia
Univ Childrens Hosp, Univ Med Ctr Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Head Rheumatol Hosp Pedro Elizalde, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
Hosp Gen Mexico City, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Hosp Infantil Mexico Fed Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Hosp San Juan Dios, Barcelona, Spain
Hosp Univ Valle Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA
Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Miami Beach, FL 33140 USA
Complejo Hosp Univ Ruiz & Paez, Bolivar, Venezuela
Hacettepe Univ, Dept Pediat, Ankara, Turkey
Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Med Sch, Istanbul, Turkey
FMF Arthrit Vasculitis & Orphan Dis Res Ctr, Inst Hlth Sci, Ankara, Turkey
Univ Calgary, Dept Pediat, Alberta Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
