Author(s): Correia, Viviane da Costa ; Santos, Valdemir dos ; Sain, Mohini ; Santos, Sergio Francisco [UNESP] ; Leao, Alcides Lopes [UNESP] ; Savastano Junior, Holmer
Date: 2018
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/161881
Origin: Oasisbr
Subject(s): Nanofibrillation; Cellulose; Grinding; Reinforcement
Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:04:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-10-01
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT), Canada
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Research Nucleus on Material for Biosystems (NAP-BIOSMAT), Brazil
Canadian Bureau for International Education - CBIE, Canada
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) is a type of nanomaterial based on renewable resources and produced by mechanical disintegration without chemicals. NFC is a potential reinforcing material with a high surface area and high aspect ratio, both of which increase reinforcement on the nanoscale. The raw materials used were unbleached and bleached bamboo organosolv pulp. Organosolv pulping is a cleaner process than other industrial methods (i.e. Kraft process), as it uses organic solvents during cooking and provides easy solvent recovery at the end of the process. The NFC was produced by treating unbleached and bleached bamboo organosolv pulps for 5, 10, 15 and 20 nanofibrillation cycles using the grinding method. Chemical, physical and mechanical tests were performed to determine the optimal condition for nanofibrillation. The delamination of the S2 layer of the fibers during nanofibrillation contributed to the partial removal of amorphous components (mainly lignin), which have low polarity and improved the adhesion of the fibers, particularly the unbleached cellulose. The transverse modulus of elasticity of the unbleached NFC was highest after 10 nanofibrillation cycles. Further treatment cycles decreased the modulus due to the mechanical degradation of the fibers. The unbleached NFC produced by 10 cycles have a greater transverse modulus of elasticity, the crystallite size showed increase with the nanofibrillation, and after 5 nanofibrillation cycles, no differences are observed in the morphology of the fibers.
Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Anim Sci & Food Engn, Dept Biosyst Engn, Duque Caxias Norte St 225, BR-13630000 Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
Univ Toronto, Ctr Biocomposites & Biomat Proc, Fac Forestry, Willcocks St 33, Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada
Lulea Univ Technol, Div Mat Sci, Lulea, Sweden
King Abdulaziz Univ, Ctr Adv Chem, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Mat & Technol, Fac Engn, Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil
Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Rural Engn, Jose Barbosa de Barros St 1780, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Mat & Technol, Fac Engn, Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil
Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Rural Engn, Jose Barbosa de Barros St 1780, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
FAPESP: 2011/01128-5
FAPESP: 2013/50790-8
FAPESP: 2013/23810-8
FAPESP: 2009/17293-5
FAPESP: 2010/16524-0
CNPq: 142082/2011-2
CNPq: 306386/2013-5
Research Nucleus on Material for Biosystems (NAP-BIOSMAT), Brazil: USP 12.1.17620.1.9
