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Brazilian Department of Science and Technology at the Secretariat of Science and Technology
Strategic Inputs of the Ministry of Health (Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia da Secretaria de Ciencia e Tecnologia e Insumos Estrategicos do Ministerio da Saude - Decit/SCTIE/MS)
Health Fund Sector (Fundo Setorial de Saude - CT-health) at the Ministry of science, Technology and Innovation (Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao - MCTI)
FINEP
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
hospital research incentive fund for Clinics in Porto Alegre (fundo de incentivo a Pesquisa do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre - HCPA)
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS: We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95% CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95% CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95% CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95% CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95% CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95% CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95% CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95% CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.
Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Estudos Saude Colet, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacl Saude Publ Sergio Arouca, Dept Epidemiol & Metodos Quantitat Saude, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Nucleo Estudos Saude Adolescente, Fac Ciencia Med, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Med Social, Programa Posgrad Saude Colet, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Minist Saude, Secretaria Vigilancia Saude, Dept Vigilancia Doencas & Agravos Nao Transmiss &, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Nutr Josue de Castro, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Fac Med, Dept Med Interna, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Serv Endocrinol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Fundacao Inst Brasileiro Geog & Estat, Escola Nacl Ciencias Estat, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Fed Univ Para, Inst Ciencias Saude, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil
Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Enfermagem Saude Colet, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Dept Saude, Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil
Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Programa Posgrad Saude Colet, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Dept Nutr, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Hosp Clin, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Nutr, Ctr Biomed, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Univ Fed Amapa, Macapa, AP, Brazil
Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brazil
Univ Fed Amazonas, Fac Educ Fis & Fisioterapia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Enfermagem, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Ctr Ciencias Saude, Dept Nutr, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Ctr Biociencias, Dept Morfol, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Saude Colet, Inst Saude Colet, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil
Univ Fed Bahia, Hosp Ana Neri, Salvador, BA, Brazil
Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Escola Med, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Univ Fed Pernambuco, Ctr Acad Vitoria, Recife, PE, Brazil
Univ Brasilia, Dept Nutr, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
Univ Fed Rondonia, Nucleo Saude, Dept Educ Fis, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Enfermagem, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Univ Fed Piaui, Ctr Ciencias Saude, Dept Nutr, Teresina, PI, Brazil
Univ Fed Goias, Fac Med, Goiania, Go, Brazil
Univ Fed Maranhao, Univ Hosp, Serv Cardiol, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil
Univ Fed Ceara, Fac Med, Dept Saude Comunitaria, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
Univ Fed Sergipe, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, Dept Med, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
Univ Fed Paraiba, Ctr Ciencias Saude, Dept Nutr, BR-58059900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
Univ Fed Alagoas, Dept Nutr, Maceio, AL, Brazil
Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
FINEP: 01090421
CNPq: 2010/565037-2
hospital research incentive fund for Clinics in Porto Alegre (fundo de incentivo a Pesquisa do Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre - HCPA): 405,009/FIPE-2012-7
