Author(s): Vernal, Sebastian ; Pepinelli, Mateus ; Casanova, Claudio ; Goulart, Thais M. ; Kim, Olivia ; De Paula, Natalia A. ; Pinto, Mara C. [UNESP] ; Sa-Nunes, Anderson ; Roselino, Ana Maria
Date: 2018
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/164779
Origin: Oasisbr
Subject(s): Pemphigus foliaceus; Black flies; Sandflies; Simuliidae; Phlebotomine
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
NAP-MOBIARVE (Nucleo de Pesquisa em Moleculas Bioativas de Artropodes Vetores)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Background: Black fly and sandfly bites are related to the endemicity of pemphigus foliaceus (PF); however, an immune reaction against the salivary proteins from these flies still requires confirmation in the case of PF patients living in southeastern Brazil. Purpose: To georeference the distribution of Simuliidae (Diptera: Simuliidae) and Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) and of PF cases in the northeastern region of Sao Paulo State, and to assess the humoral immune response against salivary gland extracts (SGEs) from biting flies in PF patients, relatives, and neighbours. Methods: PF patients' medical information recorded between 1965 and 2014 were obtained from the database of the University Hospital. Data on the distribution of fly species were collected from scientific reports and epidemiological databases. Spatial maps relating the distribution of biting flies with PF cases ware plotted. Serum IgG antibodies against the SGEs from Simulium nigrimanum, Nyssomyia neivai, and Aedes aegypti (as control) were determined by ELISA. Results: Two hundred and eighty-five PF cases were distributed in 60 municipalities with a prevalence of 57.5 per million inhabitants, revealing well-defined geographical clusters. S. nigrimanum and N. neivai specimens were registered in eight (13.3%) and 26 (43.3%) of these municipalities, respectively. PF patients, and their relatives presented higher levels of IgG against the SGEs of S. nigrimanum and N. neivai (P < 0.001 for both), but not against the SGE from A. aegypti (P = 0.115 and P = 0.552, respectively), as compared to controls. IgG against the SGEs from S. nigrimanum and N. neivai but not against the SGE from A. aegypti correlated with levels of anti-Desmoglein 1 in PF patients (r = 0.3848, P = 0.039; and r = 0.416, P = 0.022, respectively). Conclusion: An epidemiological link between biting flies and PF in southeastern Brazil is proposed, implying a possible role of the salivary proteins from these flies in PF etiopathogenesis.
Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Div Dermatol, Dept Clin Med, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON, Canada
Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada
Hlth Secretariat Sao Paulo State, Superintendence Endem Dis Control, Mogi Guacu, SP, Brazil
Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Anim Biol, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Sao Paulo State Univ Julio Mesquita Filho, Dept Parasitol, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Immunol, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Sao Paulo State Univ Julio Mesquita Filho, Dept Parasitol, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
FAPESP: 2010/51729-2
NAP-MOBIARVE (Nucleo de Pesquisa em Moleculas Bioativas de Artropodes Vetores): 12.1.17661.1.7
