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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come.
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517
Systems Ecology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087
Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Ecologia Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Rua do Matão Trav. 14 no. 321 Cidade Universitária
Ecology & Biodiversity Group Utrecht University, Padualaan 8
Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis
Programa Professor Visitante Nacional Sênior na Amazônia - CAPES Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Av. Perimetral s/n
Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Av. Magalhães Barata 376 C.P. 399
EMBRAPA – Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima BR 174 km 8 – Distrito Industrial
School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane
Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente y Salud-BIOMAS Universidad de las Américas Campus Queri
Keller Science Action Center The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive
Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA Rodovia JK Km 10 Campus do IEPA da Fazendinha
Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI Calle 20 No 5-44
Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis
Dep. of Wetland Ecology Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT Josefstr.1
Biogeochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Hahn-Meitner Weg 1
AMAP IRD Cirad CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier
Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis
Science and Education The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive
Jardín Botánico de Missouri Oxapampa
Centro de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000
Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB Av. 24 A 1515 Bela Vista
Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco Avenida de la Cultura Nro 733
Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling
Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto – DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE Av. dos Astronautas 1758 Jardim da Granja
Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG- Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia Campus Porto Velho Km 9,5 bairro Rural
Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida
Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University
Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre Unir
Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5
Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Av. 6 de agosto #28 Km. 14 Doble via La Guardia Casilla 6204
Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Calle 64 x Cra 65
Agteca-Amazonica
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso
Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno
Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter
International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street OE 243
Cirad UMR Ecofog AgrosParisTech,CNRS,INRA,Univ Guyane Campus agronomique
Natural History Museum University of Oslo Postboks 1172
Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana Calle Chile urbaniz Chilemex Puerto Ordaz
Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica Av. W5 Norte
Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis
Diretoria Técnico-Científica Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga 2584
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará Av. Augusto Corrêa 01
Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Fiocruz Rua Terezina 476 Adrianópolis
Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva – Térreo Av. Brasil 4365 – Manguinhos
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Pará Av. Augusto Corrêa 01
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n°
Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) UNELLEZ-Guanare
Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Botanica Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Rua do Matão 277 Cidade Universitária
Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de los Andes Carrera 1 # 18a- 10
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Sciencepark 904
Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd.
Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489
Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Universidad de los Andes Via Chorros de Milla
Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane
Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute 1100 Jefferson Dr. SW Suite 3123
Universidade Federal do Amapá Ciências Ambientais Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km2
Department of Integrative Biology University of California
Biologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Campinas Caixa Postal 6109
Department of Ecology University of Brasilia
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University, Corson Hall, 215 Tower Road
Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCBC)
Department of Global Ecology Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama St.
Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program
Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park South Kensington Campus
Escola de Negócios Tecnologia e Inovação Centro Universitário do Pará
Universidade Federal do Pará Rua Augusto Corrêa 01
Ecosistemas Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies Universidad Estatal Amazónica Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral)
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Genética Ecologia e Evolução Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 Pampulha
Department of Biology University of Miami
Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden
Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford
Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University
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Direccíon de Evaluación Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre Av. Javier Praod Oeste 693
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Grupo de Ecología y Conservación de Fauna y Flora Silvestre Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Imani Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Amazonia
Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central Ap. Postal 17.01.2177
Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development
Museu Universitário/Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza/Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal do Acre
Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street
Institute of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Alagoas Av. Lourival Melo Mota s/n Tabuleiro do Martins
Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL Jr. Independencia 405
School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King’s Buildings
Tropical Diversity Section Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row
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School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia
Department for Identification & Naming Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Richmond
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Biology Department and Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd
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Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier UMR 5174 EDB
Biosystematics group Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1
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Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA & Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ
Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall
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Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Apartado 7945
ACEER Foundation Jirón Cusco N° 370
PROTERRA Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5
Laboratory of Human Ecology Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC Ado 20632
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Direction régionale de la Guyane ONF
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Amazon Conservation Team Doekhieweg Oost #24
Environmental Change Institute Oxford University Centre for the Environment Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road
Instituto de Ciência Agrárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501
Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Forestal Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco Jirón San Martín 451
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan
University of Nottingham
Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin 305 E. 23rd Street CLA building
GeoIS El Día 369 y El Telégrafo 3° Piso
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences - ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED The University of Queensland
Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR) Universidad de los Andes Conjunto Forestal
School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington
Environmental Science and Policy Northern Arizona University
Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road
Resource Ecology Group Wageningen University & Research Droevendaalsesteeg 3a Lumen building number 100
Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Av. Alberto Lamego 2000
University of Campinas Plant Biology Department Rua Monteiro Lobato 255 Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz Barão Geraldo Campinas
Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1 Av General Rodrigo Octavio 6200
Cambridge University Botanic Garden 1 Brookside
Medio Ambiente PLUSPRETOL
The Mauritius Herbarium Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security
Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR) Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS)
FOMABO Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia
Tropenbos International Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232
Living Earth Collaborative Washington University in Saint Louis
Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Building 1540 Ny Munkegade Aarhus C
School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Marlowe Building Canterbury
Department of Biology University of Missouri
Facultad de Biologia Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana Pevas 5ta cdra
Herbario Nacional del Ecuador Universidad Técnica del Norte
Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Rua Vera Paz Campus Tapajós
Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB Av. 24 A 1515 Bela Vista
