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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region. Indeed, just 227 ‘hyperdominant’ species account for >50% of all individuals >10 cm diameter at 1.3 m in height. Yet, the degree to which the phenomenon of hyperdominance is sensitive to tree size, the extent to which the composition of dominant species changes with size class and how evolutionary history constrains tree hyperdominance, all remain unknown. Here, we use a large floristic dataset to show that, while hyperdominance is a universal phenomenon across forest strata, different species dominate the forest understory, midstory and canopy. We further find that, although species belonging to a range of phylogenetically dispersed lineages have become hyperdominant in small size classes, hyperdominants in large size classes are restricted to a few lineages. Our results demonstrate that it is essential to consider all forest strata to understand regional patterns of dominance and composition in Amazonia. More generally, through the lens of 654 hyperdominant species, we outline a tractable pathway for understanding the functioning of half of Amazonian forests across vertical strata and geographical locations.
Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University
School of Geography University of Leeds
Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science Arizona State University
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan
Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Departamento de Biología Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Naturalis Biodiversity Center
Systems Ecology Vrije Universiteit
Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University
Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences
School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh
Missouri Botanical Garden
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa)
Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco
Department of Intergrative Biology University of California Berkeley
Department of Biology University of Turku
Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana
UNELLEZ-Guanare Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT)
Compensation International Progress S. A.—Ciprogress Greenlife
AMAP Université de Montpellier CIRAD CNRS INRAE IRD
Environmental and Rural Science University of New England
INRA UMR EcoFoG AgroParisTech CNRS CIRAD Université des Antilles Université de Guyane
CIRAD UMR EcoFoG
BIOMAS Universidad de Las Américas
Instituto de Ecología Herbario Nacional de Bolivia
Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia
Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB) CNRS/UPS
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Plymouth
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University
Department of Geography University of Exeter
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Estación Biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missouri
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
School of Geography & Sustainable Development University of St Andrews
Department of Environment and Development Federal University of Amapá
Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University
Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University
Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service
Smithsonian Institution
Department of Plant Sciences University of Cambridge
Living with Lakes Centre Laurentian University
DRGB Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA)
Herbarium Amazonense (AMAZ) Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana
Department of Ecology Universidade de São Paulo
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam
Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade Universidade Federal de Roraima
Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas Universidad do Estado de Mato Grosso
Centro de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Department of Ecology Evolution and Behaviour University of Minnesota
Department of Geography University College London
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de Los Andes (Colombia)
Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza Universidade Federal do Acre
Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University
Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development
Smithsonian’s National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute
Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia—UFRA/CAPES
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Fundación Natura Colombia Universidad de Los Andes
Facultad de Forestales Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Institute of Research for Forestry Development Universidad de los Andes
School of Environmental and Forest Sciences (SEFS) University of Washington
Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam
Agteca-Amazonica
Universidad Autónoma del Beni
Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones (IMANI) Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Broward County Parks and Recreation
Biological Sciences Florida Atlantic University-Davie
Museu Universitário Universidade Federal do Acre
Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental Universidad Estatal Amazónica
Department of Biology Washington University in St Louis
National Institute for Space Research (INPE)
Geoinformática & Sistemas (GeoIS)
School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Northern Arizona University
Department of Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin
Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia São Paulo State University (UNESP)
School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent
Universidade Federal do Amazonas
Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP) Universidad Central del Ecuador
School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham
Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London
Science and Education The Field Museum
Universidad Tecnica del Norte Herbario Nacional del Ecuador
Research Institute Alexander von Humboldt
Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia São Paulo State University (UNESP)
