Author(s):
Rosendo, Luana M. ; Rosado, Tiago ; Oliveira, Patrik ; Simão, Ana Y. ; Margalho, Cláudia ; Costa, Suzel ; Passarinha, Luís A. ; Barroso, Mário ; Gallardo, Eugénia
Date: 2022
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/150715
Origin: Repositório Institucional da UNL
Project/scholarship:
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00709%2F2020/PT;
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00709%2F2020/PT;
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04378%2F2020/PT;
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F04378%2F2020/PT;
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0140%2F2020/PT;
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_CENTRO/2020.09070.BD/PT;
Subject(s): cannabinoids; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; microextraction by packed sorbent; urine; Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry (miscellaneous); Molecular Medicine; Pharmaceutical Science; Drug Discovery; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic Chemistry
Description
Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.
Cannabis is the most consumed illicit drug worldwide, and its legal status is a source of concern. This study proposes a rapid procedure for the simultaneous quantification of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabinol (CBN) in urine samples. Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) was used to pre-concentrate the analytes, which were detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The procedure was previously optimized, and the final conditions were: conditioning with 50 µL methanol and 50 µL of water, sample load with two draw–eject cycles, and washing with 310 µL of 0.1% formic acid in water with 5% isopropanol; the elution was made with 35 µL of 0.1% ammonium hydroxide in methanol. This fast extraction procedure allowed quantification in the ranges of 1–400 ng/mL for THC and CBD, 5–400 ng/mL for CBN and 11-OH-THC, and 10–400 ng/mL for THC-COOH with coefficients of determination higher than 0.99. The limits of quantification and detection were between 1 and 10 ng/mL using 0.25 mL of sample. The extraction efficiencies varied between 26 and 85%. This analytical method is the first allowing the for determination of cannabinoids in urine samples using MEPS, a fast, simple, and low-cost alternative to conventional techniques.
