Autor(es):
Fronteira, Inês ; Mathews, Verona ; dos Santos, Ranailla Lima Bandeira ; Matsumoto, Karen ; Amde, Woldekidan ; Pereira, Alessandra ; de Oliveira, Ana Paula Cavalcante ; Craveiro, Isabel ; Chança, Raphael ; Boniol, Mathieu ; Ferrinho, Paulo ; Poz, Mario Roberto Dal
Data: 2024
Identificador Persistente: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/167480
Origem: Repositório Institucional da UNL
Assunto(s): COVID-19; Ebola; Health and care workers; Influenza; Living systematic review; Mental health physical health; MERS; Meta-analysis; Public health emergencies of international concern; SARS; SARS-CoV-2; Public Administration; Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being; SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
Descrição
Funding Information: Centro de Estudos, Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde Colectiva (CEPESC) provided management/administrative support. Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia provides funds to Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL) (GHTM UID/04413/2020). The authors wish to thank Dr. Giorgio Cometto (Health workforce department, World Health Organization, Geneva) for helpful discussions and guidance. Funding Information: Funding from the Government of Canada and Solidarity Fund, through a grant administered by the World Health Organization. Publisher Copyright: © 2024, The Author(s).
Background: Health and care workers (HCW) faced the double burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: as members of a society affected by a public health emergency and as HWC who experienced fear of becoming infected and of infecting others, stigma, violence, increased workloads, changes in scope of practice, among others. To understand the short and long-term impacts in terms of the COVID-19 pandemic and other public health emergencies of international concern (PHEICs) on HCW and relevant interventions to address them, we designed and conducted a living systematic review (LSR). Methods: We reviewed literature retrieved from MEDLINE—PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, LILACS, the World Health Organization COVID-19 database, the ClinicalTrials.org and the ILO database, published from January 2000 until December 2021. We included quantitative observational studies, experimental studies, quasi-experimental, mixed methods or qualitative studies; addressing mental, physical health and well-being and quality of life. The review targeted HCW; and interventions and exposures, implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic or other PHEICs. To assess the risk of bias of included studies, we used the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Data were qualitatively synthetized using meta-aggregation and meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of some of the outcomes. Results: The 1013 studies included in the review were mainly quantitative research, cross-sectional, with medium risk of bias/quality, addressing at least one of the following: mental health issue, violence, physical health and well-being, and quality of life. Additionally, interventions to address short- and long-term impact of PHEICs on HCW included in the review, although scarce, were mainly behavioral and individual oriented, aimed at improving mental health through the development of individual interventions. A lack of interventions addressing organizational or systemic bottlenecks was noted. Discussion: PHEICs impacted the mental and physical health of HCW with the greatest toll on mental health. The impact PHEICs are intricate and complex. The review revealed the consequences for health and care service delivery, with increased unplanned absenteeism, service disruption and occupation turnover that subvert the capacity to answer to the PHEICs, specifically challenging the resilience of health systems.
