Wait-and-see approach in a paediatric patient with Neuroblastoma with Metastatic Disease

• Author(s): Moreira,Biana ; Foles,Ana ; Silva,Diana ; Gonçalves,Pierre
• Date: 2025
• Origin: SciELO Portugal
• Subject(s): adrenal gland; hepatomegaly; neuroblastoma; wait-and-see approach
• Document Type: Report
• Language: English

Description

Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour in the paediatric population, accounting for approximately 8-10% of all childhood cancers. It arises from the abnormal proliferation of embryonic neural crest cells which normally give rise to the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the adrenal gland medulla. Its prognosis is uniquely heterogeneous, with some children experiencing spontaneous regression, while others develop widespread metastatic disease with poor outcomes despite aggressive multimodal therapy. Treatment choice dependents on risk stratification based on the patient’s age at diagnosis and tumour characteristics, such as stage and biological features. We describe the case of an infant who presents with hepatic metastasis secondary to a solid tumour in the left adrenal gland, classified as stage MS according to the INRGSS classification. A wait-and-see approach was adopted, with clinical, analytic and radiologic surveillance, verifying spontaneous regression of the tumour afterwards.