Author(s): Reis, Izabel Cristina dos ; Honório, Nildimar Alves ; Barros, Fábio Saito Monteiro de ; Barcellos, Christovam de Castro ; Kitron, Uriel ; Camara, Daniel Cardoso Portela ; Pereira, Glaucio Rocha ; Keppeler, Erlei Cassiano ; Nunes, Mônica da Silva ; Codeço, Cláudia Torres
Date: 2015
Origin: Oasisbr
Subject(s): Acre; Malaria; Amazon Frontier; Transmission; Fish Farming; Anopheles; Malária; Piscicultura; Anopheles; Transmissão
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Presidência. Programa de Computação Científica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Zoologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto e Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde. Laboratório de Informação em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Emory University. Department of Environmental Studies. Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Acre. Universidade da Floresta. Centro Multidiscipinar do Campus Floresta. Cruzeiro do Sul, AC. Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Acre. Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto. Rio Branco, AC, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Presidência. Programa de Computação Científica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil .
Fish farming in the Amazon has been stimulated as a solution to increase economic development. However, poorly managed fish ponds have been sometimes associated with the presence of Anopheles spp. and consequently, with malaria transmission. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of malaria in the state of Acre (and more closely within a single county) to investigate the potential links between aquaculture and malaria transmission in this region. At the state level, we classified the 22 counties into three malaria endemicity patterns, based on the correlation between notification time series. Furthermore, the study period (2003–2013) was divided into two phases (epidemic and post-epidemic). Higher fish pond construction coincided both spatially and temporally with increased rate of malaria notification. Within one malaria endemic county, we investigated the relationship between the geolocation of malaria cases (2011–2012) and their distance to fish ponds. Entomological surveys carried out in these ponds provided measurements of anopheline abundance that were significantly associated with the abundance of malaria cases within 100 m of the ponds (P < 0.005; r = 0.39). These results taken together suggest that fish farming contributes to the maintenance of high transmission levels of malaria in this region.
