A pescaria artesanal de peixe com mergulho em Inhassoro, província de Inhambane, Moçambique

• Autor(es): Leite, Laura Diniz
• Data: 2007
• Identificador Persistente: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/702
• Origem: Sapientia - Universidade do Algarve
• Assunto(s): Teses; Pesca; Pesca artesanal; Rentabilidade; Moçambique
• Tipo de Documento: Dissertação de mestrado
• Idioma: Português
• Orientador(es): Barros, Pedro Conte de; Santana-Afonso, Paula
• Contribuidor(es): Sapientia

Descrição

Dissertação mest., Biologia Marinha, Universidade do Algarve, 2007

Spearfishing in the eastern african coast is an artisanal fishing activity with a growing importance in these last few years, relatively to traditional fishing gears. It is usually operated by boat or walking to the fishing grounds located in coral reefs, rocky areas or seagrass beds. In Inhassoro (Inhambane Province, Mozambique) spearfishing is a versatile fishing gear used along with hand line, and targets fish, lobster and sea cucumber. The fishing activity depends on the season of the year and on the tidal and weather conditions. Spearfishing for fish is mainly active in Sul I, the closest fishing center from the village, where the fishing fleet is motor propelled. The fishing grounds are distributed between the coast line and Bazaruto, from the north of this island to the southern adjacent region of Santa Carolina, a no-take zone of the National Park of Bazaruto Archipelago (PNAB). A high number of species have been identified in the sampled landings, like in many other tropical artisanal fisheries, but only 5 comprise 70% of the landings - Scarus ghobban (45,2 %), Diagramma pictum (7,6 %), Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus (6,1 %), Epinephelus malabaricus (5,8 %) and Scomberomorus commerson (5,0 %). The impact of the fishery is not known and needs to be investigated, but the obtained results suggest that this activity can have detrimental effects on the sequentially hermaphroditic species and in species that use Bazaruto Bay as a breeding ground. Motor boats are found to have higher landings and CPUE, however, the difference in rent relative to sail boats is lower, mainly due to high running costs and to the composition of the landings of sailing boats, which are commercially more valuable. There is a growing interest in the community to control and regulate spearfishing, and setting the lobster’s temporary fishing ban is symptomatic of this concern. However, the institutional arrangements and the different expectations and perceptions of the various groups of stake-holders can weaken the enforcement of locally set regulations.