Spontaneous flora of vineyards in the Mediterranean region has lately been receiving much attention, due to the increasing awareness of their benefits for agroecosystems, soils, and for provisioning multiple Ecosystem Services (ES). However, initiatives for valuing flora often clash with the potential losses by interference with vines, but in an extent difficult to evaluate. We developed the index VIFLORES – VI...
Spontaneous flora of vineyards in the Mediterranean region has lately been receiving much attention, due to the increasing awareness of their benefits for agroecosystems, soils, and for provisioning multiple Ecosystem Services (ES). However, initiatives for valuing flora often clash with the potential losses by interference with vines, but in an extent difficult to evaluate. We developed the index VIFLORES – VI...
Wetlands make a disproportionately large contribution to global biodiversity and provide critical ecosystem services for humanity. Yet, our understanding of the cultural ecosystem services (CES) provided by wetlands remains limited, with benefits often only recognised at local scales. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a global systematic review of wetland CES. Our synthesis addressed key questions rel...
The wine sector faces important challenges related to sustainability issues and the impact of climate change. More frequent extreme climate conditions (high temperatures coupled with severe drought periods) have become a matter of concern for the wine sector of typically dry and warm regions, such as the Mediterranean European countries. Soil is a natural resource crucial to sustaining the equilibrium of ecosys...
Aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS), lead-ing to multi-faceted ecological, economic and health impacts worldwide. The Iberian Peninsula comprises an exceptionally biodiverse Mediterranean region with a high number of threatened and endemic aquatic species, most of them strongly impacted by biological invasions. Following a structured approach that c...
Riparian zones are the paragon of transitional ecosystems, providing critical habitat and ecosystem services that are especially threatened by global change. Following consultation with experts, 10 key challenges were identified to be addressed for riparian vegetation science and management improvement: (1) Create a distinct scientific community by establishing stronger bridges between disciplines; (2) Make rip...
Rivers are powerful systems supporting human civilization, but despite the enormous dependence on rivers by humans, this does not stop them to assault rivers in the most varied ways. Such dependency determines the establishment of strong river flow-human relationships, and river degradation the prompting of health and non- tangible complications for humans. This work assesses how river regulation, interacting wi...
Os capítulos incluídos nesta secção versam a vegetação vascular natural das paisagens de água doce de Portugal continental, i. e., de áreas húmidas – dos espaços onde a presença de água (permanente ou temporária) condiciona a composição e a distribuição espacial das plantas e das comunidades vegetais (fitocenoses). Compõem estas paisagens: (i) comunidades vegetais aquáticas, de corpos de água livre; (ii) comuni...
The biological assessment of rivers i.e., their assessment through use of aquatic assemblages, integrates the effects of multiple-stressors on these systems over time and is essential to evaluate ecosystem condition and establish recovery measures. It has been undertaken in many countries since the 1990s, but not globally. And where national or multi-national monitoring networks have gathered large amounts of d...
This work assesses the effects of river regulation on the diversity of different instream and riparian biological communities along a relieve gradient of disturbance in regulated rivers. Two case studies in Portugal were used, with different river regulation typology (downstream of run-of-river and reservoir dams), where regulated and free-flowing river stretches were surveyed for riparian vegetation, macrophyt...