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Global, regional, and national age-specific progress towards the 2020 milestone...

GBD 2021 Tuberculosis Collaborators; Ledesma, Jorge R.; Ma, Jianing; Zhang, Meixin; Basting, Ann V.L.; Chu, Huong Thi; Vongpradith, Avina

Background: Global evaluations of the progress towards the WHO End TB Strategy 2020 interim milestones on mortality (35% reduction) and incidence (20% reduction) have not been age specific. We aimed to assess global, regional, and national-level burdens of and trends in tuberculosis and its risk factors across five separate age groups, from 1990 to 2021, and to report on age-specific progress between 2015 and 2...


Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: an u...

Momtazmanesh, Sara; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi; Rad, Elaheh Malakan; Rezaei, Negar; Shobeiri, Parnian; Aali, Amirali

Background Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods Using...


Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with proje...

Ong, Kanyin Liane; Stafford, Lauryn K.; McLaughlin, Susan A.; Boyko, Edward J.; Vollset, Stein Emil; Smith, Amanda E.; Dalton, Bronte E.; Duprey, Joe

Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of ty...


Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammat...

GBD 2019 IMID Collaborators; Wu, Dongze; Jin, Yingzhao; Xing, Yuhan; Abate, Melsew Dagne; Abbasian, Mohammadreza; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen

Background: The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, an...


Hepatitis B and C in Europe: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study ...

Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Fornari, Carla; Conti, Sara; Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo; FERRARA, Pietro; Ahmed, Ayman; Palladino, Claudia; Taveira, Nuno

Background In 2016, the World Health Assembly adopted the resolution to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. This study aims to provide an overview of the burdens of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Europe and their changes from 2010 to 2019 using estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods We used GBD 2019 estimates of the burden associ...


The burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in the WHO European region in ...

Mestrovic, Tomislav; Robles Aguilar, Gisela; Swetschinski, Lucien R; Ikuta, Kevin S; Gray, Authia P; Davis Weaver, Nicole; Han, Chieh; Wool, Eve E

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most crucial threats to public health and modern health care. Previous studies have identified challenges with estimating the magnitude of the problem and its downstream effect on human health and mortality. To our knowledge, this study presents the most comprehensive set of regional and country-level estimates of AMR burden in the WHO European reg...


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