18 documents found, page 1 of 2
Evidence of Austronesian Genetic Lineages in East Africa and South Arabia: Comp...
Brucato, N; Fernandes, V; Kusuma, P; Cerny, V; Mulligan, CJ; Soares, P; Rito, T; Besse, C; Boland, A; Deleuze, JF; Cox, MP; Sudoyo, H; Stoneking, MPublished by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. The Austronesian dispersal across the Indonesian Ocean to Madagascar and the Comoros has been well documented, but in an unexplained anomaly, few to no traces have been found of the Austronesian expansion in East Africa or the Arabian Peninsula. To revisit this peculiarity,we surveyedtheWesternIndianOcean rimpopul...
Internal diversification of non-sub-Saharan haplogroups in Sahelian populations...
Kulichová, I; Fernandes, V; Deme, A; Novackova, J; Stenzl, V; Novelletto, A; Pereira, L; Cerny, VBackground: Today, African pastoralists are found mainly in the Sahel/Savannah belt spanning 6,000 km from west to east, flanked by the Sahara to the north and tropical rainforests to the south. The most significant group among them are the Fulani who not only keep cattle breeds of possible West Eurasian ancestry, but form themselves a gene pool containing some paternally and maternally-transmitted West Eurasia...
60,000 years of interactions between Central and Eastern Africa documented by m...
Silva, M; Alshamali, F; Silva, P; Carrilho, C; Mandlate, F; Trovoada, MJ; Cerny, V; Pereira, L; Soares, PMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup L2 originated in Western Africa but is nowadays spread across the entire continent. L2 movements were previously postulated to be related to the Bantu expansion, but L2 expansions eastwards probably occurred much earlier. By reconstructing the phylogeny of L2 (44 new complete sequences) we provide insights on the complex net of within-African migrations in the last 60 thousa...
Genetic stratigraphy of key demographic events in Arabia
Fernandes, V; Triska, P; Pereira, JB; Alshamali, F; Rito, T; Machado, A; Fajkosova, Z; Cavadas, B; Cerny, V; Soares, P; Richards, MB; Pereira, LAt the crossroads between Africa and Eurasia, Arabia is necessarily a melting pot, its peoples enriched by successive gene flow over the generations. Estimating the timing and impact of these multiple migrations are important steps in reconstructing the key demographic events in the human history. However, current methods based on genome-wide information identify admixture events inefficiently, tending to estim...
Extensive admixture and selective pressure across the Sahel Belt
Triska, P; Soares, P; Patin, E; Fernandes, V; Cerny, V; Pereira, LGenome-wide studies of African populations have the potential to reveal powerful insights into the evolution of our species, as these diverse populations have been exposed to intense selective pressures imposed by infectious diseases, diet, and environmental factors. Within Africa, the Sahel Belt extensively overlaps the geographical center of several endemic infections such as malaria, trypanosomiasis, meningi...
The genetic impact of the Lake Chad Basin population in North Africa as documen...
Podgorná, E; Soares, P; Pereira, L; Cerny, VThe presence of sub-Saharan L-type mtDNA sequences in North Africa has traditionally been explained by the recent slave trade. However, gene flow between sub-Saharan and northern African populations would also have been made possible earlier through the greening of the Sahara resulting from Early Holocene climatic improvement. In this article, we examine human dispersals across the Sahara through the analysis o...
The first modern human dispersals across Africa
Rito, T; Richards, MB; Fernandes, V; Alshamali, F; Cerny, V; Pereira, L; Soares, PThe emergence of more refined chronologies for climate change and archaeology in prehistoric Africa, and for the evolution of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), now make it feasible to test more sophisticated models of early modern human dispersals suggested by mtDNA distributions. Here we have generated 42 novel whole-mtDNA genomes belonging to haplogroup L0, the most divergent clade in the maternal line of desc...
The expansion of mtDNA haplogroup L3 within and out of Africa
Soares, P; Alshamali, F; Pereira, JB; Fernandes, V; Silva, NM; Afonso, C; Costa, MD; Musilová, E; Macaulay, V; Richards, MB; Cerny, V; Pereira, LAlthough fossil remains show that anatomically modern humans dispersed out of Africa into the Near East ∼100 to 130 ka, genetic evidence from extant populations has suggested that non-Africans descend primarily from a single successful later migration. Within the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) tree, haplogroup L3 encompasses not only many sub-Saharan Africans but also all ancient non-African lineages, and its ...
The Arabian cradle: Mitochondrial relicts of the first steps along the southern...
Fernandes, V; Alshamali, F; Alves, M; Costa, MD; Pereira, JB; Silva, NM; Cherni, L; Harich, N; Cerny, V; Soares, P; Richards, MB; Pereira, LA major unanswered question regarding the dispersal of modern humans around the world concerns the geographical site of the first human steps outside of Africa. The "southern coastal route" model predicts that the early stages of the dispersal took place when people crossed the Red Sea to southern Arabia, but genetic evidence has hitherto been tenuous. We have addressed this question by analyzing the three mino...
Pleistocene-Holocene boundary in southern Arabia from the perspective of human ...
Al-Abri, A; Podgorná, E; Rose, JI; Pereira, L; Mulligan, CJ; Silva, NM; Bayoumi, R; Soares, P; Cerny, VIt is now known that several population movements have taken place at different times throughout southern Arabian prehistory. One of the principal questions under debate is if the Early Holocene peopling of southern Arabia was mainly due to input from the Levant during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, to the expansion of an autochthonous population, or some combination of these demographic processes. Since previous...