12 documents found, page 1 of 2
Family matters: Social support, parental stress, and psychological symptoms
Carvalhais, Lénia; Alho, Laura; Paulino, Mauro; Vagos, PaulaPurpose Social support has been suggested to reduce psychological symptomatology, especially when facing stressful events. However, less is known about the underlying mechanisms through each social support from different sources may interact with parental stress in protecting parents’ symptomatology. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted online using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stre...
Initial psychological reactions to COVID-19 of middle adolescents in Portugal
Brites, Rute; Paulino, Mauro; Brissos, Sofia; Gabriel, Sofia; Alho, Laura; Simões, Mário R.; Silva, Carlos F.In its early stage, the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent public health measures brought several challenges to people in general, with adolescents being one of the most affected groups. To assess the psychological reactions of Portuguese adolescents in that early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted an online survey that was filled by a sample of 340 (67.6% female and 32.4% male) middle adolescents (...
Escala Mitos na Doença Mental: estudo preliminar e propriedades psicométricas
Alho, Laura; Pinho, Lara; Alfredo, ToméIntrodução: as doenças mentais interferem no funcionamento psicológico, social e ocupacional, pelo que sempre foi difícil para a sociedade o seu entendimento, estando, na antiguidade, relacionada a componentes esotéricos. Dada a incompreensão da sociedade perante estas doenças, o estigma é uma realidade atual, sendo muitos os mitos associados. Objetivo: avaliar a fiabilidade e validade da Escala Mitos na Doença...
Uma abordagem compreensiva do funcionamento mnésico: implicações na Psicologia ...
Alho, Laura; Paulino, Mauro; Rodrigues, Pedro F. S.Existem determinadas medidas e cuidados que podem ser adotados no processo de questionamento, com o objetivo de minimizar falhas mnésicas. A primeira consideração a fazer é que é requerida formação multidisciplinar e específica dos profissionais que realizam as inquirições, devendo receber atualizações constantes no seu campo de atuação. Outro cuidado a ter é que a recolha da informação seja feita o mais brevem...
Do stress and anxiety impact memory? an exploratory portuguese study
Alho, Laura; Rodrigues, Pedro; Fidalgo, CátiaEyewitness memory is widely studied in the forensic context, due to their proneness to make unreliable testimonies. Understanding which factors may impact memory is determinant to avoid wrongful convictions in court. In this exploratory study, the relation between stress and anxiety and memory errors (spontaneous and induced) was analyzed being hypothesized that negative emotions may impair memory performance. ...
Ethnic influences on the perceptual properties of human chemosignals
Parma, Valentina; Redolfi, Nelly; Alho, Laura; Rocha, Marta; Ferreira, Jacqueline; Silva, Carlos Fernandes da; Soares, Sandra C.Individuals of African and Caucasian descent show different chemical signatures in their body odors (BO). Does such biological difference have a perceptual correlate? We tested BO donors and raters of Afro-Portuguese (AP) and Caucasian (C) descent to investigate whether olfactory ratings reveal an ethnic bias and whether olfactory ethnic discrimination is possible. C (vs. AP) women rated the C BO as more pleasa...
The effects of emotional visual context on the encoding and retrieval of body o...
Parma, Valentina; Macedo, Stephanie; Rocha, Marta; Alho, Laura; Ferreira, Jacqueline; Soares, Sandra Cristina de OliveiraConditions during information encoding and retrieval are known to influence the sensory material stored and its recapitulation. However, little is known about such processes in olfaction. Here, we capitalized on the uniqueness of body odors (BOs) which, similar to fingerprints, allow for the identification of a specific person, by associating their presentation to a negative or a neutral emotional context. One ...
Emotional body odors as context: Effects on cardiac and subjective responses
Ferreira, Jacqueline; Parma, Valentina; Alho, Laura; Silva, Carlos Fernandes da; Soares, Sandra Cristina de OliveiraMany studies have indicated that the chemical cues from body odors (BOs) of donors experiencing negative emotions can influence the psychophysiological and behavioral response of the observers. However, these olfactory cues have been used mainly as contextual information for processing visual stimuli. Here, for the first time, we evaluate how emotional BO affects the emotional tone of a subsequent BO message. A...
Do masculine men smell better? An association between skin color masculinity an...
Carrito, Mariana L.; Santos, Isabel M.; Alho, Laura; Ferreira, Jacqueline; Soares, Sandra C.; Bem-Haja, Pedro; Silva, Carlos Fernandes; Perrett, DavidA recent study claimed face skin color as a sexually dimorphic variable that influences attractiveness preferences in mate choice. Thereby, skin color may assume the role of a mate quality signal influencing attractiveness preferences. As body odor is linked to attractiveness, this study aimed to explore whether the odors of men with more masculine facial skin color would be evaluated more positively than odors...
Influence of body odors and gender on perceived genital arousal
Oliveira, Patrícia Alves; Carvalho, Joana; Ferreira, Jacqueline; Alho, Laura; Nobre, Pedro; Olsson, Mats J.; Soares, Sandra Cristina de OliveiraOlfaction is often linked to mating behavior in nonhumans. Additionally, studies in mating behavior have shown that women seem to be more affected by odor cues than men. However, the relationship between odor cues and sexual response-specifically, sexual arousal-has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the exposure to human body odors (from individuals of the opposite gender...