In this article, we seek to present the synthesis of the global ethanol market in the United States (US) and Brazil by using caloric equivalence to empirically characterize the elasticity of supply and demand. We also seek to evaluate the relationship between world ethanol production and prices of agricultural commodities (wheat, rice, corn, soybeans and sugar) from 1981 to 2016 using climate-induced yield shoc...
The Conditional Cash Transfer Programs (CCTPs) have been shown to be effective in reducing poverty and inequality, improving education and health, and social inclusion of a significant portion of society. However, one of the aspects still unwell studied about the CCTPs is the potential of these programs to stimulate the permanence of low-income Brazilian workers in the informal market, with the purpose of remai...
This paper analyzes the main effects of the costs of trade transactions andtrade barriers on the international soybean market. A partial equilibrium model formulatedas a mixed complementarity problem is used to provide the simulation of alternativescenarios. Three scenarios are defined: in the first, the trade transactions costsare eliminated; in the second, a free trade scenario (no tariff and subsidies); and ...
No presente artigo são apresentadas algumas reflexões relacionadas à produção e gestão dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil. Em particular, discute-se o potencial de geração de benefícios sociais, econômicos e ambientais da gestão de resíduos no país a partir das definições da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, criada por lei no ano de 2010. Esta define objetivos e metas para a gestão de resíduos no país. Dentre ...
This paper evaluates the technical efficiency in rice farms in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). For this, we use the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Tobit regression model. The study use the variables available in the Census of the Institute of Irrigated Rice of RS (IRGA, 2006). The study shows that most of the rice farmers are technically inefficient on local terms, and only 5.7% are efficient. In addition, it ...
A gestão do meio ambiente em regiões metropolitanas representa um grande desafio à política ambiental, pois a elevada aglomeração de pessoas e atividades nas metrópoles cria um cenário propício ao aprofundamento dos problemas ambientais. Em especial, as áreas rurais das áreas metropolitanas que tem sido relegado ao plano secundário, embora representem a maior parte da área física dessas regiões e possuam grand...
This study analyses the technical efficiency in the management of municipal public resources in Rio Grande do Sul state. This work includes the period after the promulgation of the 1988 constitution, which caused a wide decentralization of public resources and a large participation of municipalities in earning out public services. To reach this aim, we use a non-parametric method (DEA) to determine the level of...
This paper aims to identify the effects of free trade agreements in multilateral scope upon grains producers in Brazil and how they affect the other main regions in the world. Using a spatial model formulated as Mixed Complementary Problem, it is possible to show that there are gains to Brazilians producers of rice and soybeans when only trade barriers are eliminated. Otherwise, the Brazilian producers of maize...