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The spread of Aedes albopictus in Portugal: an update of its geographic and sea...

Costa Osório, Hugo; Soares, Patricia; Freitas, R.; Fernandes, R.; Zé-Zé, Líbia; Amaro, Fátima; Alves, Maria João

Over the last two decades, the invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus has spread across Europe. Portugal was the last country in southern Europe to report this species, which was first detected in 2017 under the National Vector Surveillance Network—REVIVE. Despite all the measures taken, its distribution has increased rapidly and in 2023, it was introduced in Lisbon, a major urban centre. As Ae. albopictus is a com...


Distribution of the West Nile Virus vector, Culex pipiens, in mainland Portugal...

Martinho, Júlia; Costa Osório, Hugo; Amaro, Fátima; Silva, Manuel; Marques Zé-Zé, Líbia Maria; Pereira Figueira Alves, Maria João; Nunes, Baltazar

Background: Culex pipiens, Portugal’s most abundant mosquito, is a vector for several pathogens including the West Nile virus. Understanding its spatial distribution can contribute to vector-borne diseases control and public health planning, given Portugal’s favourable climate. National-level data on its spatial distribution, especially in relation to climatic variables is limited. We aimed to predict the suita...


Toscana Virus in Wild-Caught Sand Flies in Portugal, Findings from the National...

Amaro, Fátima; Zé-Zé, Líbia; Osório, Hugo Costa; Soares, Patrícia; Silva, Manuel; Freitas, Inês Campos; Alves, Maria João

Phlebotomine sand flies play a crucial role in both human and veterinary medicine, acting as vectors for Leishmania parasites and most known phleboviruses. In Portugal, the REVIVE program, a comprehensive national surveillance network under the Ministry of Health, has included sand fly surveys since 2016. REVIVE aims to identify existing sand fly species in the country, determine which pathogens are circulating...


Fatal Case of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Portugal, 2024

Zé-Zé, Líbia; Nunes, Cristina; Sousa, Micaela; De Sousa, Rita; Gomes, Carla; Santos, Ana Sofia; Alexandre, Rui T.; Amaro, Fátima; Loza, Tiago

We report a fatal case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Portugal. An 83-year-old man, initially suspected of having Mediterranean spotted fever, was later confirmed to have Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever by the detection of viral genome in the patient's serum and the presence of specific IgM antibodies.


Rede de Vigilância de Vetores - Flebótomos: a importância da vigilância de um v...

Amaro, Fátima; Osório, Hugo; Silva, Manuel; Freitas, Inês Campos; Soares, Patrícia; Vilares, Anabela; Martins, Susana; Reis, Tânia; Gargaté, Maria João

O programa REVIVE (Rede de Vigilância de Vetores) resulta de colaboração entre a Direção-Geral da Saúde, as Administrações Regionais de Saúde do Algarve, Alentejo, Centro, Lisboa e Vale do Tejo e Norte, a Direção Regional da Saúde da Madeira, a Direção Regional da Saúde dos Açores e o Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge. No âmbito do REVIVE é realizada a vigilância entomológica, a nível nacional, d...


Co-Circulation of Leishmania Parasites and Phleboviruses in a Population of San...

Amaro, Fátima; Vilares, Anabela; Martins, Susana; Reis, Tânia; Osório, Hugo Costa; Alves, Maria João; Gargaté, Maria João

In the Old World, phlebotomine sand flies from the genus Phlebotomus are implicated in the transmission of Leishmania spp. parasites (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and viruses belonging to the genus Phlebovirus (Bunyavirales: Phenuiviridae). Two of the five sand fly species known to occur in Portugal, Phlebotomus perniciosus and Ph. ariasi, the former being the most ubiquitous, are recognized vectors of Lei...


Remote monitoring of disease vector mosquitoes with a new optical sensor system...

Silva, Manuel; Alves, Maria João; Amaro, Fátima; Zé-Zé, Líbia; Osório, Hugo

Introduction: - Mosquitoes represent a major threat to public health given their ability to transmit several pathogens. Some species of Aedes can transmit viruses such as dengue, Zika, or chikungunya. - Prevention of vector-borne diseases largely depends on effective and sustainable vector surveillance. Objectives: - Help to develop a novel bioacustic sensor that is able to identify the mosquitoes' species in r...


Vigilância automatizada e remota de mosquitos na Rede de Vigilância de Vetores ...

Osório, Hugo Costa; Silva, Manuel; Encarnação, João; Zé-Zé, Líbia; Amaro, Fátima; Alves, Maria João

No âmbito da Rede de Vigilância de Vetores (REVIVE ), é realizada a vigilância entomológica em mosquitos desde 2008 em Portugal. O projeto REVIVE é uma componente dos programas de vigilância epidemiológica indispensável à avaliação do risco de transmissão de agentes patogénicos transmitidos por vetores e é fundamental para a implementação de uma estratégia integrada de controlo de vetores e prevenção de doenças...


Sandfly-Borne Phleboviruses in Portugal: Four and Still Counting

Amaro, Fátima; Zé-Zé, Líbia; Alves, Maria João

According to ICTV, there are currently 66 known phlebovirus species. More than 40 of these viruses were isolated or detected in phlebotomine sandflies and some of them are known pathogens. In Portugal, information about sandfly-borne phleboviruses is scarce and scattered sandfly-borne diseases are neglected and often not considered in differential diagnoses. The main objective of this work was to gather the exi...


West Nile virus transmission potential in Portugal

Lourenço, José; Barros, Sílvia C.; Zé-Zé, Líbia; Damineli, Daniel S. C.; Giovanetti, Marta; Osório, Hugo; Amaro, Fátima; Henriques, Ana M.

It is unclear whether West Nile virus (WNV) circulates endemically in Portugal. Despite the country's adequate climate for transmission, Portugal has only reported four human WNV infections so far. We performed a review of WNV-related data (1966-2020), explored mosquito (2016-2019) and land type distributions (1992-2019), and used climate data (1981-2019) to estimate WNV transmission suitability in Portugal. Se...


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