The demand for Critical Raw Materials (CRM) is increasing due to the need to decarbonize economies and transition to a sustainable low-carbon future achieving climate goals. To address this, the European Union is investing in the discovery of new mineral deposits within its territory. The S34I project (Secure and Sustainable Supply of Raw Materials for EU Industry) is developing Earth observation (EO) methods t...
The Secure and Sustainable Supply of Raw Materials for EU Industry - S34I project is researching and innovating new data-driven methods to analyze Earth Observation (EO) data, supporting systematic mineral exploration and continuous monitoring of extraction, closure, and post-closure activities to increase European autonomy regarding raw materials (RM) resources, and to use EO not only for the management of tec...
The increasing demand for critical raw materials, such as antimony-a semimetal with strategic relevance in fire-retardant applications, electronic components, and national security-has made the identification of European sources essential for the European Union's strategic autonomy. Remote sensing offers a valuable tool for detecting alteration minerals associated with subsurface gold and antimony deposits that...
<jats:p>Antimony (Sb) has gained significance as a critical raw material (CRM) within the European Union (EU) due to its strategic importance in various industrial sectors, particularly in the textile industry for flame retardants and as a component of Sb-based semiconductor materials. Moreover, Sb is emerging as a potential alternative for anodes used in lithium-ion batteries, a key element in the Energy trans...
Pegmatites represent a critical source of raw materials for the European Union's future, emphasizing the need to explore new deposits. Remote sensing plays a pivotal role in early-stage pegmatite exploration, generating prospectivity maps to facilitate field validation. The higher the false positive rate, the higher the time and costs required for field campaigns. This study aims to devise an approach that mini...
Lineament extraction is a commonly used technique in mineral exploration to identify geological structures such as fault scarps, joints, and folds. However, the accuracy of this technique can be limited by factors such as the low spatial resolution of the data. This study aims to address these limitations by exploring the potential of high spatial resolution data for extracting linear structures in Tysfjord, no...
Due to the current energetic transition, new geological exploration technologies are needed to discover mineral deposits containing critical materials such as lithium (Li). The vast majority of European Li deposits are related to Li-Cs-Ta (LCT) pegmatites. A review of the literature indicates that conventional exploration campaigns are dominated by geochemical surveys and related exploration tools. However, oth...
To achieve sustainable development goals, it is crucial to ensure the best practices through the whole mining cycle of critical raw materials (CRM) used in high-Tech, low-carbon goods (batteries, wind turbines, electronics). This is the aim of the SECURE AND SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF RAW MATERIALS FOR EU INDUSTRY (S34I) Horizon Europe (HE) project that began on January 1st, 2023. S34I is investigating new data-driv...
Several studies on remote sensing and mineral exploration have been developed or improved in the last decade. However, the low spatial resolution of satellites is a recurring problem in many cases where the mineral or rock is much smaller than the pixel size of the satellite images. This phenomenon, called sub-pixel occurrence, generates an extremely mixed pixel that difficult the performance of conventional cl...
Remote Sensing has been successfully applied in the identification of pegmatitic targets. However, the spatial resolution of open data satellites, which is often much larger than the outcrop size of the target mineral or rock, has been a recurrent challenge in this scientific field. This restricts remote sensing methods that are dependent on large outcrop sizes for successful identification. This work applied s...