Introduction: Synovial fluid investigation is the best alternative to diagnose prosthetic joint infection (PJI) before ade‐ quate microbiological/histology sampling during revision surgery. Although accurate preoperative diagnosis is certainly recommended, puncturing every patient before revision arthroplasty raises concerns about safety and feasibility issues especially in difficult to access joint (e.g., hip)...
Bone and joint infections represent a significant source of morbidity and mortality, often termed a “silent epidemic.” While native infections, such as septic arthritis and osteomyelitis, still persist, surgical site infections related to orthopedic implants have gained particular prominence due to their growing prevalence and complexity. These infections not only lead to substantial patient morbidity and morta...
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Species associated with visceral leishmaniasis, such as L. infantum, may be responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), particularly in the Mediterranean region. In immunosuppressed hosts, classification as complicated CL is essential, as the risk of mucosal leishmaniasis warrants systemic therapy. We report the case of a forty-seven-year-old male living in Portugal, with Fabry disease and receiving immunosup...
We propose a guideline about the risk, prevention and treatment of infection in the patient under immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive therapy in the context of autoimmune or autoinflammatory disease. It is divided into three sections: drugs and associated risk of infection; immunizations; risk, prevention, and treatment of specific infections. The treatment of autoimmune diseases involves the use of immunosup...