Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) require effective indicators to assess their performance, in compliance with the goals of relevant national and international commitments. Achieving and prioritizing shortlists of multidisciplinary indicators demands a significant effort from specialists to depict the multiple conservation and socioeconomic interests, and the large complexity of natural systems. The present paper d...
The north-east Atlantic region is an area where clades originating in the north Pacific (fucoids, balanoids, littorinids, thaids, laminarians) collide with clades from further south in the Atlantic (e.g., patellids, trochids, chthamalids). At high latitudes in the north, seaweeds dominate the midshore zone of all but the most exposed shores. Further south, midshore space-occupying invertebrates (mussels and bar...
Partitioning the e ects of herbivory on di erent life stages of primary producers is key to understanding the population-wide consequences of herbivory. We assessed the performance of microscopic (MiS <1 mm) juveniles, macroscopic (MaS) juveniles and adult kelp (Laminaria ochroleuca) under contrasting herbivory regimes through a herbivore exclusion eld experiment. The abundance of MiS and the survival of MaS de...