This paper introduces a Fractal Patch Antenna (FPA) integrated with Photonic Crystals (PhC) designed for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in the Millimeter-wave bands (mmWaves) given the importance of the application of mmWaves in Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) networks, we assumed, as examples, that the antenna is designed to resonate at three frequency bands: 31.42 GHz, 37.76 GHz, and 38.92 GHz. With a g...
In this study, we propose a novel all-optical Galois Field (AOGF) adder that utilizes logic alloptical XOR gates. The design is founded on the constructive and destructive interference phenomenon of optical beams and incorporates the phase shift keying (PSK) technique within a two-dimensional linear photonic crystal (2D-LPhC) structure. The suggested AOGF adder comprises eight input ports and four output ports....
Central to this study is the introduction of a pioneering photonic crystal-based microstrip patch antenna array with high gain. Engineered to meet the demands of evolving wireless communication technologies, this novel antenna system leverages Photonic Band Gap (PBG) structures. A fractal microstrip patch antenna, operating within the E-W-F band, is designed and simulated using the High-Frequency Structure Simu...
5G (and beyond) has very high bandwidth, short latency, better quality of service, and the right amount of capacity. Technological breakthroughs in mobile communication systems user equipments operating in the millimeter wavebands imply a high gain to compensate the effect of path loss. In this work, a novel photonic crystal-based microstrip patch antenna array with high gain is designed to be used in the next ...