Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Over the years, it has been crucial to find accurate biomarkers capable of doing a precise monitor of HF and provide an early diagnosis. Of these, it has been established an important role of natriuretic peptides in HF assessment. Moreover, the development of biosensors has been garnering interest as new dia...
Dopamine of renal origin has natriuretic/diuretic actions by activating D-1-like receptors of the nephron. Saline load increases renal dopamine production and natriuresis in healthy subjects, and, under these conditions, the activation of D-2-like receptors also produces natriuresis/diuresis. Metoclopramide is a D-2-like receptor antagonist. Patients with heart failure (HF) have an increased renal dopamine-synt...