10 documents found, page 1 of 1
Agronomic management of AMF functional diversity to overcome biotic and abiotic...
Brito, Isabel; Goss, M.J.; Alho, Luis; Clarisse, Brígido; Felix, M.R.; Carvalho, MárioIntentional use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in cropping systems has been marginal, owing to the high cost and limited biodiversity of commercial inocula, together with the timeliness of colonization to achieve benefits. Additionally, mycorrhiza are considered incompatible with high input cropping systems. Combining results from 4 different experiments resulted in a strategy for the earlier and faster ...
Management of the biological diversity of AM fungi by combination of host plant...
Brigido, Clarisse; van Tuinen, Diederik; Brito, Isabel; Alho, Luís; Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, MárioAs functional diversity influences the benefits conferred on host plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and large scale commercial inoculation is currently impracticable, strategies are required to manage communities of indigenous AMF associated with different hosts within agricultural cropping systems. In a non-sterilized soil, using 454 pyrosequencing of the LSU-D2 rDNA gene, host plant AMF diversity w...
Challenges to Agriculture Systems
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelFood production has to be greatly increased simply to feed a population growing from 7 billion to in excess of 9 billion over the next 35 years and we still have more than a billion undernourished people. To increase global food production is an unprecedented challenge in the history of agriculture, particularly if we consider that the solutions adopted in the past are much less of an option. Previous solutions...
Functional Diversity of Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture - Management to ...
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelThere is a great functional diversity within and between different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in terms of the benefits they may confer to host plants, such as the acquisition of nutrients or protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. It is critical to understand how the various practices available for use within production systems, particularly those compatible with the sustainable intensif...
The Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Current Constraints to Their Intentional...
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelArbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is the oldest and most widespread mutualistic symbiosis known. Colonization of host plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provides a wide range of benefits to the host. The most obvious advantage is the ability to explore a larger volume of soil, by means of the extraradical mycelium (ERM), than plant roots alone can reach, allowing a better acquisition of water and nutrients...
Impacts on Host Plants of Interactions Between AMF and Other Soil Organisms in ...
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, Isabel; Alho, Luís; Kadir, S.There is a considerable evidence of both cooperation and synergism between groups of organisms concentrated around mycorrhiza rather than the rhizosphere of plants being inhabited by a very diverse population of competing organisms. A huge increase has taken place in the detailed understanding of the microbial environment surrounding plant root systems and of the processes involved in the establishment of the m...
The Significance of an Intact Extraradical Mycelium and Early Root Colonization...
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelEarly root colonization is crucial if the potential benefits from arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) are to be optimized, especially when protection against biotic or abiotic stresses is involved, so that the AM is well-established as the host plant encounters the stress. Of the different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) propagules capable of infecting roots of a host plant, colonization from an intact extraradical m...
New Tools to Investigate Biological Diversity and Functional Consequences
van Tuinen, D.; Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelTo exploit the opportunities offered by our increased understanding of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) diversity and the potential to manage it requires greater knowledge of the indigenous AM fungi (AMF) involved in the symbiosis with target plants. Our ability to fully describe AMF diversity is still at early stage in terms of the taxonomic units present, despite recent developments in DNA sequencing capacity. The ...
Management of Biological and Functional Diversity in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fun...
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelThe potential benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are crucial aspects for the sustainable intensification of agriculture. However, in industrialized regions injudicious use of both manure and excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides are imposing unacceptable environmental impacts and in regions where there is already an urgent need to improve land productivity, the resources required to en...
Functional Diversity of Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture - Management to ...
Goss, M.J.; Carvalho, Mário; Brito, IsabelThe current world population of 7.5 billion is expected to be 20% greater by 2050 and so we have little over 33 years to ensure the means of producing sufficient food to meet the expected demand. One of the options that previously were available to us for expanding world production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and meat, namely bringing more land into production, is no longer possible and consequently we must...