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Joining of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites by friction stir w...

Pereira, Miguel A.R.; Galvão, Ivan; Costa, José D.; Amaro, A. M.; Leal, Rui

The objective of the current work is to show the potential of the friction stir welding (FSW) and its variants to join fibre-reinforced thermoplastic polymer (FRTP) composites. To accomplish that, the FSW technique and two other important variants, the friction stir spot welding (FSSW) and the refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW), are presented and explained in a brief but complete way. Since the joining o...


Copper/stainless steel friction stir spot welds: feasibility and microstructura...

Taborda, Diogo; Leal, Rui; Morgado, Teresa; Leitao, Carlos; Galvão, Ivan

The possibility of using solid-state joining technologies, such as friction stir welding (FSW) and its variants, to perform dissimilar joints is one of the well know advantages of this class of processes, namely because they are impossible to be produced by other conventional welding processes due to the evident differences in physical and chemical properties of both materials. Relevant advances have been made ...


Recent developments in non-conventional welding of materials

Leal, Rui; Galvão, Ivan

Welding is one of the technological fields with the greatest impact in many industries, such as automotive, aerospace, energy production, electronics, the health sector, etc. Welding technologies are currently used to join the most diverse materials, from metallic alloys to polymers, composites, or even biological tissues. Despite the relevance and wide application of traditional welding technologies, these pro...


Influence of tool geometry and process parameters on torque, temperature, and q...

Manuel, Neves; Beltrão, Daniel; Galvão, Ivan; Leal, Rui; Costa, José D.; Loureiro, Altino

In the current investigation, the influence of the tool geometry, the position of the materials in the joint, the welding speed on the temperature and torque developed, and on the quality of the welds in dissimilar and tri-dissimilar T joints were analysed. The aluminium alloys used were AA2017-T4, AA6082-T6, and AA5083-H111 and the friction stir welds were performed with identical shoulder tools, but with eith...


Nugget formation and mechanical behaviour of friction stir welds of three dissi...

Neves, Manuel; Galvão, Ivan; Leal, Rui; Costa, José D.; Loureiro, Altino

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of the properties of the base materials and welding speed on the morphology and mechanical behavior of the friction stir welds of three dissimilar aluminum alloys in a T-joint configuration. The base materials were the AA2017-T4, AA5083-H111, and AA6082-T6 alloys in 3 mm-thick sheets. The AA6082-T6 alloy was the stringer, and the other alloys were locate...


Nugget formation and mechanical behaviour of friction stir welds of three dissi...

Manuel, Neves; Galvão, Ivan; Leal, Rui; Costa, José D.; Loureiro, Altino

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of the properties of the base materials and welding speed on the morphology and mechanical behavior of the friction stir welds of three dissimilar aluminum alloys in a T-joint configuration. The base materials were the AA2017-T4, AA5083-H111, and AA6082-T6 alloys in 3 mm-thick sheets. The AA6082-T6 alloy was the stringer, and the other alloys were locate...


Aluminum-to-steel cladding by explosive welding

Carvalho, Gustavo; Galvão, Ivan; Mendes, Ricardo; Leal, Rui; Loureiro, Altino

The production of aluminum-carbon steel and aluminum-stainless steel clads is challenging, and explosive welding is one of the most suitable processes to achieve them. The present work aims to investigate the coupled e_ect of two strategies for optimizing the production of these clads by explosive welding: the use of a low-density interlayer and the use of a low-density and low-detonation velocity explosive mix...


Friction stir welding and explosive welding of aluminum/copper: process analysis

Carvalho, G. H. S. F. L.; Galvão, Ivan; Mendes, R.; Leal, Rui; Loureiro, Altino

The 6082 aluminum alloy was welded to copper-DHP by friction stir welding and explosive welding. The effect of each welding process on the microstructural evolution, the intermetallic phases distribution, and the mechanical behavior of both types of welds was analyzed and compared. The microstructural changes proved to be much more expressive in friction stir welding due to the larger area under plastic deforma...


Weldability of aluminium-copper in explosive welding

Carvalho, G. H. S. F. L.; Galvão, Ivan; Mendes, R.; Leal, Rui; Loureiro, Altino

A large number of aluminium-copper explosive welds were produced under different welding conditions to perform a broad analysis of the weldability of this combination. The influence of the explosive mixture and the relative positioning of the plates on the welding results were analysed. When the aluminium alloy is positioned as the flyer plate, continuous interfacial melting occurred under the low values of ene...


Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of aluminium-carbon steel and aluminium...

Carvalho, G. H. S. F. L.; Galvão, Ivan; Mendes, R.; Leal, Rui; Loureiro, A.

The influence of an interlayer on the microstructure and the mechanical behaviour of aluminium-carbon steel and aluminium-stainless steel clads produced by explosive welding was studied. Different series of welds were produced both with and without an aluminium interlayer, testing different welding parameters. The combination of aluminium to carbon steel presented a better weldability than aluminium to stainles...


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