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The role of cultural heterogeneity in strengthening the link between family rel...

Li, Liman Man Wai; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Bond, Michael Harris; Yeung, June Chun; Igou, Eric Raymond; Haas, Brian W.; Stoyanova, Stanislava

We argue that the importance of family relationships for individual well-being varies across societies as a function of a society’s degree of cultural heterogeneity. To examine the role of family relationships, we analyzed the responses from 13,009 participants in 50 societies on their life satisfaction across societies varying in their levels of historical and contemporary cultural heterogeneity. Such heteroge...


Introduction to a culturally sensitive measure of well-being: combining life sa...

Krys, Kuba; Haas, Brian W.; Igou, Eric Raymond; Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra; Kocimska-Bortnowska, Agata; Kwiatkowska, Anna; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi

How can one conclude that well-being is higher in country A than country B, when well-being is being measured according to the way people in country A think about well-being? We address this issue by proposing a new culturally sensitive method to comparing societal levels of well-being. We support our reasoning with data on life satisfaction and interdependent happiness focusing on individual and family, collec...


Family first: evidence of consistency and variation in the value of family vers...

Krys, Kuba; Chun Yeung, June; Haas, Brian W.; van Osch, Yvette; Kosiarczyk, Aleksandra; Kocimska-Zych, Agata; Torres, Claudio; Selim, Heyla A.

People care about their own well-being and about the well-being of their families. It is currently, however, unknown how much people tend to value their own versus their family’s well-being. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size (N = 12,819) and a greater number of ...


Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfac...

Krys, Kuba; Yeung, June Chun; Capaldi, Colin A.; Lun, Vivian Miu-Chi; Torres, Claudio; Tilburg, Wijnand A. P. van; Bond, Michael Harris

In this paper, we introduce the concept of 'societal emotional environment': the emotional climate of a society (operationalized as the degree to which positive and negative emotions are expressed in a society). Using data collected from 12,888 participants across 49 countries, we show how societal emotional environments vary across countries and cultural clusters, and we consider the potential importance of th...


Mapping expressive differences around the world: the relationship between emoti...

Matsumoto, David; Seung Hee Yoo; Fontaine, Johnny; Anguas-Wong, Ana Maria; Arriola, Monica; Ataca, Bilge; Bond, Michael Harris; Boratav, Hale Bolak

Despite the importance of the concept of cultural display rules in explaining cultural differences in emo- tional expression and despite the fact that it has been more than 30 years since this concept was coined, there is yet to be a study that surveys display rules across a wide range of cultures. This article reports such a study. More than 5,000 respondents in 32 countries completed the Display Rule Assessme...


Culture-level dimensions of social axioms and their correlates across 41 cultures

Bond, Michael Harris; Kwok, Leung; Al, Au; Kwok-Kit, Tong; Reimel de Carrasquel, Sharon; Murakami, Fumio; Yamaguchi, Susumu; Bierbrauer, Günter

Leung and colleagues have revealed a five-dimensional structure of social axioms across individuals from five cultural groups. The present research was designed to reveal the culture level factor structure of social axioms and its correlates across 41 nations. An ecological factor analysis on the 60 items of the Social Axioms Survey extracted two factors: Dynamic Externality correlates with value measures tappi...


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