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Temporal patterns of microglial activation when bilirubin enters into the brain

Silva, SL; Osório, CC; Vaz, AR; Barateiro, A; Falcão, AS; Brito, MA; Fernandes, A; Silva, RFM; Brites, D

Microglia turns into an activated state when facing injury and disease entailing two main functions: phagocytosis of cellular debris and propagation of immune response. Once unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) increases proinflammatory cytokine secretion by both astrocytes [1] and microglia [2], we aimed to assess the sequence of events involved in microglia immunophenotype by UCB.


Oxidative stress and disruption of the nervous cell

Brito, MA; Rosa, AI; Silva, RFM; Falcão, AS; Fernandes, A; Brites, D



Inflammatory signalling pathways involved in astroglial activation by unconjuga...

Fernandes, A; Falcao, AS; Silva, RFM; Gordo, AC; Gama, MJ; Brito, MA; Brites, D

During neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, astrocytes activated by unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) may contibute to brain toxicity through the production of cytokines. As a first step in addressing the signal transduction cascades involved in the UCB-induced astro


Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Oxazole Derivatives

Dias, C; Brito, MA; Eleutério, A; Marco, JL; Brites, D; Carreiras, MC


Dissociated primary nerve cell cultures as models for assessment of neurotoxicity

Silva, RFM; Falcao, AS; Fernandes, A; Gordo, AC; Brito, MA; Brites, D

Exogenous and endogenous neurotoxins may have poisoning effects on living organisms. Neurotoxic signs can result from human intoxication by substances present in natural ecosystems as pollutants, such as inorganic mercury, cadmium, manganese and lead. or


Bilirubin-induced immunostimulant effects and toxicity vary with neural cell ty...

Falcao, AS; Fernandes, A; Brito, MA; Silva, RFM; Brites, D

Hyperbilirubinemia remains one of the most frequent clinical diagnoses in the neonatal period. The increased vulnerability of premature infants to unconjugated bilirubin (UCB)-induced brain damage may be due to a proneness of immature nerve cells to UCB-t


Putative role of a decreased MRP1 expression in immature astrocytes in the susc...

Falcao, AS; Bellarosa, C; Fernandes, A; Brito, MA; Silva, RFM; Tiribelli, C; Brites, D


Bilirubin-induced inflammatory response, glutamate release, and cell death in r...

Falcao, AS; Fernandes, A; Brito, MA; Silva, RFM; Brites, D

Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) encephalopathy is a predominantly early life condition resulting from the impairment of several cellular functions in the brain of severely jaundiced infants. However, only few data exist on the age-dependent effects of UCB an


Hyperbilirubinemia induces oxidative stress in rat brain primary neuronal cultures

Brito, MA; Rosa, AI; Fernandes, A; Falcao, AS; Silva, RFM; Brites, D


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