A discoid meniscus is a rare congenital anatomic variation with an estimated incidence of 1% to 3% in children. Due to their abnormal shape, discoid meniscus are associated with reduced tissue quality, less vascularization and looser peripheral attachments when compared to normal ones. Individuals with this abnormality are more predisposed to sustain meniscal injuries. Although meniscal injuries are less preval...
Extinction Rebellion (XR), founded in 2018, advocates for citizens’ assemblies (CAs) on the climate and ecological crisis. This demand underscores XR’s aim to enhance democracy “beyond politics” and promote inclusive, effective decision-making to achieve change. The article explores XR’s understanding of politics and the democratic legitimacy of CAs in driving change. It examines XR’s discourse and repertoire o...
This article examines the interplay between democratization, social rights, and political participation in Portugal. It first explores how political participation has been marked by low levels and persistent inequalities, and then how, since 2010, austerity and the retrenchment of social rights have reshaped protest repertoires and broadened participation without, however, breaking with established patterns of ...
The role of estrogens in prostate cancer (PCa) is shrouded in mystery, with its actions going from angelic to devilish. The findings by Huggins and Hodges establishing PCa as a hormone-sensitive cancer have provided the basis for using estrogens in therapy. However, despite the clinical efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and the panoply of experimental evidence describing its anticarcinogenic effects, estroge...
A coruja-das-torres é uma ave de rapina noturna que apresenta atualmente uma tendência populacional negativa na Península Ibérica (GTAN-SPEA 2022, Escandel & Escudero 2021) e na Europa (BirdLife International 2021, Eionet 2022). Caça preferencialmente em áreas abertas, tais como campos agrícolas, pastagens e florestas pouco densas, evitando florestas densas e grandes extensões de matos. Ocupa também áreas urban...
A coruja-das-torres é uma ave de rapina noturna que apresenta atualmente uma tendência populacional negativa na Península Ibérica (GTAN-SPEA 2023, Escandell & Escudero 2022) e na Europa (BirdLife International 2021, Eionet 2022), estando classificada como Quase Ameaçada na Lista Vermelha das Aves de Portugal Continental e de Espanha (Almeida et al. 2022, López-Jiménez 2021). Caça preferencialmente em áreas aber...
Pituitary adenomas (PA) are the most common tumor of the Sella turcica brain region, accounting for 12–15% of symptomatic intracranial brain tumors. Usually occurs in adults with no gender predilections. Using Cranial Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (Fig.1) is possible to classify it as a macroadenoma when size is ≥10 mm. The tumor compression on the optic nerve or chiasm leads to axonal da...
Aims/Purpose: Patients with pathologic myopia are at risk of developing myopic macular degeneration (MMD) that leads to vision loss and irreversible visual impairment. Working-age and elderly populations are affected by loss of productivity and quality of life. Low vision services should offer specialized training programs to help patients overcome difficulties in daily living activities. This study aimed to de...
Glaucoma is a complex optic neuropathy characterized by a progressive loss of ganglion cell complex (GCC) and nerve fiber layer and consequently visual function loss. Although evaluation of glaucomatous structural damage in the optic nerve head (ONH) is fundamental to the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. Some researchers have suggested that vascular dysfunction plays an important role in the pathology of g...
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a chronic and multifactorial aging retinal disease that causes irreversible central vision loss. In Europe, AMD represents the main cause of severe visual impairment and blindness in the elderly. Health status, low antioxidant diet, and sedentary lifestyles are modifiable risk factors. Health promotion and preventive medicine are essential to reduce the risk of disease ...