Background: Although the ultrastructure of the schistosome esophageal gland was described .35 years ago, its role in the processing of ingested blood has never been established. The current study was prompted by our identification of MEG-4.1 expression in the gland and the observation of erythrocyte uncoating in the posterior esophagus. Methodology/Principal Findings: The salient feature of the posterior esopha...