Many invertebrates enclose their embryos within egg capsules, from which the offspring hatch. In marine gastropods that brood their egg capsules, hatching could involve radular activity by the mother or by unhatched stages, increased osmotic concentration of the intracapsular fluid, or production of hatching enzymes. The present research sought to determine whether mechanical action by the brooding female or by...
Encapsulation of embryos in marine gastropods affords protection for the developing young, whether or not parental care takes place. The capsule wall is laminated and its dimensions change during development. Dissolution of the capsule wall releases dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the intracapsular fluid, providing a nutritional source for the embryo. The capsule wall of Acanthina monodon is composed of thr...