The Azores archipelago has been the stage for multiple introductions of Apis mellifera from varying origins, which have led to widespread admixture and the existence of phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous populations. This is evident on the São Miguel Island, where the historically introduced black phenotype of A. m. iberiensis (lineage M) co-exists with the contemporaneously introduced yellow phenot...
The Apis mellifera iberiensis was introduced to the Azores in the 16th century by Portuguese settlers likely from the northern part of mainland Portugal. Many years later, in the 1980s, occurred a new introduction using honey bee subspecies from C-lineage maternal ancestry. This left a C-lineage signature in the Azores, with some islands, such as Pico or Graciosa, showing high frequency of C-lineage maternal an...
The invasive yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) is a voracious predator of honeybees and other pollinators, its diffusion generates relevant environmental and socio-economic impacts. Native from China, it rapidly started spreading throughout Europe, after its first sight in France in 2004. V. v. nigrithorax was first reported in Portugal, in the region of Viana do Castelo, in 2011 and since then ...
The invasive yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina nigrithorax, is a voracious predator of honeybees which has been causing important economic losses to apiculture across Europe. It was first seen in 2004 in France, and it rapidly spread throughout the European countries. In 2011, V. v. nigrithorax was first reported in Portugal, in the region of Viana do Castelo, and since then it has been spreading throughout ...