44 documents found, page 1 of 5

The effect of TB patient delay on loss to follow-up in Portugal

BACKGROUND: Early identification of TB cases, followed by treatment to completion, are essential for controlling and preventing the disease. Previous studies have found some factors associated with both loss to follow-up (LTFU) and patient delay. We aim to build a causal model to investigate the association between TB patient delay and LTFU.METHODS: Pulmonary TB cases were identified using the national surveill...

Improved decay estimates and C2-asymptotic stability of solutions to the Einste...

We investigate the asymptotic stability of solutions to the characteristic initial value problem for the Einstein (massless) scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant. We prescribe spherically symmetric initial data on a future null cone with a wider range of decaying profiles than previously considered. New estimates are then derived in order to prove that, for small data, the system has a uniq...

Critical reflections on tourism: Phenomenological perspectives on global-South,...

From a critical phenomenology perspective, it is possible to interpret tourism as an open arena where different players interact, thus illustrating the rationale behind their epistemic positioning. Tourism, as an economic sector, is both a product and a producer of what is happening at global level. This to-and-from mutual determinations may be exemplified by visual aids that help to map the conceptual models t...

AI trust: Can explainable AI enhance warranted trust?

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), known to produce explanations so that predictions from AI models can be understood, is commonly used to mitigate possible AI mistrust. The underlying premise is that the explanations of the XAI models enhance AI trust. However, such an increase may depend on many factors. This article examined how trust in an AI recommendation system is affected by the presence of expl...

Political economy and contemporary Renaissance: Challenges and opportunities

In times of severe crisis there are emergence phenomena, which are characterized by disruptive rethinking of previous, taken for granted assumptions. The aims of the present text are to explore the role played by the field of political economy scientific production as a relevant contribution to foster the debate about contemporary societies’ Renaissance phenomena, at the level of the prevailing cosmogonies that...

Thrombotic events and COVID-19 vaccines

COVID-19 vaccines are considered promising agents in the control of the pandemic. Although their safety was assessed in randomised clinical trials, severe adverse events (AEs) have been reported after large-scale administration. This study aims to evaluate thromboembolic AEs reported after vaccination in a real-world context and how they led to the interruption of vaccination campaigns. We also review the benef...

Different disease, same challenges: Social determinants of tuberculosis and COV...

Infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB) and the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) relate to environmental factors, understanding of which is essential to inform policy and practice and tackle them effectively. The review follows the conceptual framework offered by the World Health Organization Commission on Social Determinants of Health (defined as "all those material, psychological and behavioural circumstan...

Changes to TB care in an outpatient centre during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Host factors associated to false negative and indeterminate results in an inter...

Information on host factors that contribute to false negative and indeterminate results in interferon-γ release assays (IGRA) are critical to improve the usefulness of these tests in the fight against tuberculosis (TB) epidemics. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the sensitivity of an IGRA and the tuberculin skin test (TST), independently and as a combined approach, in patients with TB and to id...

Factors associated with loss to follow-up in Tuberculosis treatment in the Huam...