Funding Information: We thank Simon Cutting for the gift of the anti-CotD antibody and Aimee Shen for the gift of the anti-GerS and anti-GPR antibodies. We thank Georges Haustant for help with the spore cytopathic assays. This work was supported by grant PEst-OE/EQB/LA0004/2011 from the \u201CFunda\u00E7\u00E3o para a Ci\u00EAncia e a Tecnologia\u201D (FCT) to A.O.H. This work was also financially supported by ...
Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of diarrhea associated with antibio-therapy. After germination of C. difficile spores in the small intestine, vegetative cells are exposed to low oxygen (O2) tensions. While considered strictly anaerobic, C. difficile is able to grow in nonstrict anaerobic conditions (1 to 3% O2) and tolerates brief air exposure indicating that this bacterium harbors an arsenal of prote...