Replacing traditional agricultural ingredients with biotechnologically improved agro-industry by-products in fish diets promotes sustainable aquaculture, reduces production costs and carbon footprint, and promotes a circular economy. Brewers spent grain (BSG) is one such by-product. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) of BSG with Aspergillus ibericus enhances its nutritional value and digestibility for European seab...
This study assessed the effects of dietary inclusion of solid-state fermented (SSF) brewers spent grain (BSG) with Aspergillus ibericus on nutrient and energy digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal histomorphology of juvenile European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Five diets (18% crude lipids and 45% crude protein) were formulated, including a control diet (without BSG), two diets with 10% a...