External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICSs) are increasingly applied in both new construction and energy retrofitting, where long-term durability under environmental exposure is critical to preserving thermal efficiency. Moisture ingress represents a key degradation factor, reducing insulation performance and undermining energy savings promoted by the ETICS. The effectiveness of these systems is stro...
ABSTRACT: Arundo donax (giant reed or giant cane) is a widely available, perennial, invasive, non-food crop, present worldwide and employed for several uses, including building practices. Considering the increasing demand for sustainable building materials, A. donax can be an efficient solution. This study investigated its properties as a bio-aggregate mixed with a sodium silicate solution as an adhesive. A hor...
This article analyzes the effect of the rehydration method on the physical–mechanical properties of accelerated carbonation-cured magnesium-based fiber cement boards. The rehydration process of the boards was analyzed in conjunction with the analysis of the pre-curing time before accelerated carbonation (24, 48, and 72 h before carbonation), resulting in eight different curing parameters used in this investigat...
The present study investigated the reaction to fire of bio-based boards for indoor applications made of A. donax and hazelnut shells as aggregates. A sodium silicate solution was employed as the adhesive due to its several advantages. Among others, the possibility of moderating some of the main drawbacks of bio-based building composites, such as the resistance to fire. The considered materials were analysed bot...
The internal structures and the hygroscopicity of bio-based boards consisting of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) and hazelnut shells as bio-aggregates, and a sodium silicate solution as the adhesive, were investigated. The aim was to evaluate the influence of each material (the bio-aggregates and adhesive) and their distributions in the boards on the final performance. By carrying out X-ray computed tomography, th...
The present work investigates the feasibility of producing boards, with unconventional materials, namely hazelnut shells as a high-mass bio-aggregate and a sodium silicate solution as a no-toxic adhesive, and discusses possible applications based on an extensive characterization. The aim is to define a feasible reuse of a largely produced agro-industrial by-product to reduce the high environmental impact caused...
In the search for unconventional binders that reduce energy consumption in production, magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) cement is an alternative. Besides that, the carbon dioxide (CO2) has been used to curing some products of MOS cement, for instance, magnesium fiber cement because this method improves their performance. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of pre-curing before accelerated carbonation on t...
Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of producing boards or coating panels with good hygrothermal performance by using different agro-industrial wastes (grape and olive press wastes, hazelnut shells, spent coffee and pine) and adhesives (gypsum-based binder, sodium silicate solution and starch-based glue). Hygrothermal properties and resistance to mould growth, including the effect of c...
This chapter reviews the potential impact of six environmental agents (water, ice, wind, fire, solar radiation and chemical attack) on the long-term stability of earth buildings together with some of the most common techniques for measuring and improving material durability. Liquid water appears the most detrimental of all environmental agents, not only because it can significantly reduce capillary cohesion ins...
Screening tests were developed or adapted from RILEM recommendations, standards and past studies, and carried out to characterize some agro-industrial wastes and to assess their feasibility as aggregates for eco-efficient building composites. Spent coffee grounds, grape and olive press waste and hazelnut shells were used, as well as maritime pine chips as control material. Particle size distribution, loose bulk...