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Comparative study of sample preparation procedures to determine the main compou...
Gonçalves, Joana; Rosado, Tiago; Barroso, Mário; Restolho, José; Fernández, Nicolás; Luís, Ângelo; Gallardo, Eugenia; Duarte, Ana PaulaIntroduction : Ayahuasca is a psychoactive drink originally consumed by indigenous people of the Amazon. The lack of regulation of this drink leads to uncontrolled consumption, and it is often consumed in religious contexts. Objective :The aim of this work is to compare three miniaturised extraction techniques for extracting the main ayahuasca compounds from beverages. Methodology:Three sample pretreatment tech...
Comparative study of sample preparation procedures to determine the main compou...
Gonçalves, Joana; Rosado, Tiago; Barroso, Mário; Restolho, José; Fernández, Nicolás; Luís, Ângelo; Gallardo, Eugenia; Duarte, Ana PaulaIntroduction Ayahuasca is a psychoactive drink originally consumed by indigenous people of the Amazon. The lack of regulation of this drink leads to uncontrolled consumption, and it is often consumed in religious contexts. Objective The aim of this work is to compare three miniaturised extraction techniques for extracting the main ayahuasca compounds from beverages. Methodology Three sample pretreatment techniq...
Stability of Cocaine, Opiates, and Metabolites in Dried Saliva Spots
Almeida, Ema; Soares, Sofia; Gonçalves, Joana; Rosado, Tiago; Fernández, Nicolás; Rodilla, Jesus M.; Passarinha, Luís A.; Barroso, MárioDrug abuse still represents a global problem, and it is associated with an increased risk of diseases, injuries, and deaths. Cocaine (COC) and opiates are the most abused drugs and account for a significant number of fatalities. Therefore, it is important to develop methods capable of effectively identifying and quantifying these substances. The present study aims to evaluate the long- term stability of COC, ec...
In Vitro Study of the Bioavailability and Bioaccessibility of the Main Compound...
Gonçalves, Joana; Castilho, Miguel; Rosado, Tiago; Luís, Ângelo; Restolho, José; Fernández, Nicolás; Gallardo, Eugenia; Duarte, Ana PaulaAyahuasca is a psychoactive beverage that contains the psychoactive compound N,N-dimethyltryptamine and β-carboline alkaloids. This study aims at determining in vitro the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of the main compounds present in decoctions of four individual plants, in a commercial mixture and in four mixtures of two individual plants used in the preparation of Ayahuasca. The samples were subjected ...
Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ayahuasca Beverages
Simão, Ana Y.; Gonçalves, Joana; Gradillas, Ana; García, Antonia; Restolho, José; Fernández, Nicolás; Rodilla, Jesus M.; Barroso, MárioAyahuasca is a beverage consumed at shamanic ceremonies and currently has gained popularity on recreational scenarios. It contains beta-carboline alkaloids and N,N-dimethyltryptamine, which possesses hallucinogenic effects. Only a few studies have elicited the psychoactive effects and the dose of such compounds on neurological dopaminergic cells or animals. In this work, we aimed to study the cytotoxic effects ...
Ayahuasca Beverages: Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Properties
Gonçalves, Joana; Luís, Ângelo; Gradillas, Ana; García, Antonia; Restolho, José; Fernández, Nicolás; Domingues, F.C.; Gallardo, EugeniaAyahuasca is a psychoactive beverage, originally consumed by indigenous Amazon tribes, of which consumption has been increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile, as well as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of decoctions of four individual plants, a commercial mixture and four mixtures of two individual plants used in the Ayahuasca preparat...
Mitragyna speciosa: Clinical, Toxicological Aspects and Analysis in Biological ...
Meireles, Vânia Sofia de Oliveira; Rosado, Tiago; Barroso, Mário; Soares, Sofia; Gonçalves, Joana; Luís, Ângelo; Caramelo, Débora Almeida; Simão, Ana YThe abuse of psychotropic substances is a well-known phenomenon, and many of them are usually associated with ancestral traditions and home remedies. This is the case of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), a tropical tree used to improve work performance and to withstand great heat. According to several published studies, the main reasons for kratom consumption involve improving sexual performance and endurance, but a...
Cannabis and Its Secondary Metabolites: Their Use as Therapeutic Drugs, Toxicol...
Gonçalves, Joana; Rosado, Tiago; Soares, Sofia; Simão, Ana; Caramelo, Débora Almeida; Luís, Ângelo; Fernández, Nicolás; Barroso, MárioAlthough the medicinal properties of Cannabis species have been known for centuries, the interest on its main active secondary metabolites as therapeutic alternatives for several pathologies has grown in recent years. This potential use has been a revolution worldwide concerning public health, production, use and sale of cannabis, and has led inclusively to legislation changes in some countries. The scientific ...