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Warfarin pharmacogenomics: Designing electrochemical DNA-based sensors to detec...

Barbosa, Tiago; Morais, Stephanie L.; Pereira, Eduarda; Magalhães, Júlia M. C. S.; Domingues, Valentina F.; Ferreira-Fernandes, Hygor; Pinto, Giovanny

The CYP2C9 enzyme is involved in the metabolism of warfarin. The CYP2C9 gene harbors several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853), which is known to affect warfarin’s therapeutic response. So, it is important to develop analytical tools capable of genotyping these SNPs to adjust warfarin’s therapeutic outcomes. In this work, an electrochemical DNA-based sensor was constructed a...


Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Complex (VKORC1) Electrochemical Genosensors: Towar...

Barbosa, Tiago; Morais, Stephanie L.; Carvalho, Renato; Magalhães, Júlia M. C. S.; Domingues, Valentina F.; Delerue-Matos, Cristina

Anticoagulants, including warfarin, are often administered to patients who are exhibiting early symptoms of thromboembolic episodes or who have already experienced such episodes. However, warfarin has a limited therapeutic index and might cause bleeding and other clinical problems. Warfarin inhibits the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), an enzyme essential for activating vitamin K, in the ...


Warfarin genetic biomarkers in VKORC1 and CYP2C9*2 genes: Advancing personalize...

Moreira, Tiago; Pereira, Eduarda; Costa, Inês F.; Sousa, António J.S.F.; Morais, Stephanie L.; Ferreira-Fernandes, Hygor; Pinto, Giovanny R.

Background: The genetic variants of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex (VKORC1) and in the cytochrome CYP2C9*2 genes have been identified to influence the anticoagulant warfarin and influence its plasmatic levels. Therefore, the pharmacogenetic information on these genes is useful for reducing warfarin adverse reaction [1]. Objectives: This work addresses the development of disposable electrochemical genosenso...


Warfarin genetic biomarkers in VKORC1 and CYP2C9*2 genes: Advancing personalize...

Moreira, Tiago; Pereira, Eduarda; Costa, Inês F.; Sousa, António J.S.F.; Morais, Stephanie L.; Ferreira-Fernandes, Hygor; Pinto, Giovanny R.

The genetic variants of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex (VKORC1) and in the cytochrome CYP2C9*2 genes have been identified to influence the anticoagulant warfarin and influence its plasmatic levels. Therefore, the pharmacogenetic information on these genes is useful for reducing warfarin adverse reaction. This work addresses the development of disposable electrochemical genosensors able of detecting single ...


Development of an electrochemical DNA-based biosensor for the detection of the ...

Morais, Stephanie L.; Magalhães, Júlia M.C. S.; Domingues, Valentina F.; Delerue-Matos, Cristina; Ramos-Jesus, Joilson; Ferreira-Fernandes, Hygor

Cardiovascular diseases are among the major causes of mortality and morbidity. Warfarin is often prescribed for these disorders, an anticoagulant with inter and intra-dosage variability dose required to achieve the target international normalized ratio. Warfarin presents a narrow therapeutic index, and due to its variability, it can often be associated with the risk of hemorrhage, or in other patients, thromboe...


Development of electrochemical genosensors for the CYPC*2 gene polymorphism det...

Sousa, António J. S. F.; Costa, Inês; Banegas, Rodrigo S.; Morais, Stephanie L.; Magalhães, Júlia; Rodrigues, Valentina; Delerue-Matos, Cristina

Pharmacogenetic studies search for heritable genetic polymorphisms that influence responses to drug therapy. Pharmacogenetics has many possible applications in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy including screening for polymorphisms to choose agents with the greatest potential for efficacy and least risk of toxicity. Pharmacogenetics also informs dose adaptations for specific drugs in patients with aberrant metabol...


VKORC1 gene polymorphism as cardiovascular biomarker: Detection by electrochemi...

Costa, Inês; J. S. F. Sousa, António; Banegas, Rodrigo S.; Morais, Stephanie L.; Magalhães, Júlia; Rodrigues, Valentina; Delerue-Matos, Cristina

Warfarin is an anticoagulant generally used to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Since of the low therapeutic index of warfarin and frequent complications of prevention or treatment, significant differences in individual doses of warfarin are needed to achieve prophylactic and therapeutic ranges. Recent studies have been reporting that genetic variants of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex (VKORC1) influence th...


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