Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key inflammatory cytokine implicated in atherosclerotic plaque progression and carotid vulnerability. Although elevated IL-6 levels have been linked to cerebrovascular risk, its prognostic value in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains undefined. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence on the relationship between IL-6 levels, surgical outco...
Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key inflammatory cytokine implicated in atherosclerotic plaque progression and carotid vulnerability. Although elevated IL-6 levels have been linked to cerebrovascular risk, its prognostic value in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains undefined. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence on the relationship between IL-6 levels, su...
Background: Carotid restenosis following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has a cumulative risk at 5-years up to 32%, which may impact the well-being of patients following CEA. Haematological parameters in the standard complete blood cell count (CBC) are emerging as potential biomarkers, but their application in CEA is scarce. The primary aim of this study was to investigate haematological markers for restenosis fo...
Introduction: Inflammation is a common underlying feature of atherosclerosis. Several inflammatory biomarkers have been reported to have prognostic value, in several areas, including in vascular surgery. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may permit to identify patients at greater risk for cerebrovascular events, tailor patient management, improve preoperative status...
Introduction: Carotid disease affects 3-4% of the general population. The association between systemic low-grade inflammation and atherosclerosis has led to the study of blood biomarkers, such as red blood cell distribution width – coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), and their role in the pathophysiology and prognosis of carotid artery disease. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the rel...