IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated, inflammatory condition that can affect multiple organs, marked by lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and IgG4-positive plasma cells. Elevated serum IgG4 is common but not essential. Sole renal manifestation is rare, usually appearing as tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) or, less commonly, membranous nephropathy (MN). We present a case of an 87-year-old man with...
BACKGROUND: Urinary sediment is a noninvasive laboratory test that can be performed by an automated analyzer or manually by trained personnel. Manual examination remains the diagnostic standard because it excels at differentiating isomorphic from dysmorphic red blood cells and identifying other urinary particles such as renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs), lipids, crystals, and the composition of casts. This...
Dear Editor, Amyloidosis represents a family of diseases characterized by the deposition of proteinaceous material in the extracellular space that, by forming insoluble clusters on various tissues and organs, affects its function.