Introduction: the standard hypoparathyroidism treatment consists of replacing calcium and active vitamin D (calcitriol), but it does not correct the underlying abnormality, parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency. Both the disease and its treatment are responsible for many morbidities that affect multiple organs and systems. Therefore, parathyroid allotransplantation has been described as an alternative treatment ...
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble essential micronutrient, required by all the body cells. Its deficiency has been implicated not only in hematological and neurological disorders, but also in many metabolic processes, such as insulin resistance and body composition changes, which have aroused particular interest in recent years. This study reviews the physiology of vitamin B12 from its digestion and absorption to ...
Hyperglycemia is a frequent complication and its prevalence occurs in up to 38% of hospitalized patients. Such condition may be due to previously known diabetes, stress responsive to associated diseases or treatments or it may due to diabetes only diagnosed during hospitalization. The presence of nosocomial hyperglycemia is associated with prolonged hospitalization time, increased demand for human resources and...