A μSPEed microextraction combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with UV detection was developed for analysing six veterinary antibiotics (tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim) in environmental samples. To optimise extraction, 12 sorbent cartridges, sample loading cycles, volumes, and pH were assayed. The PS/DVB-RP cartridge, thr...
Antibiotics are commonly used to prevent and treat infections in human medicine, animal farming, and aqua culture. However, their excessive use can result in the development of antibiotic resistance and the presence of antibiotic residues in the food and environment. Therefore, it is essential to monitor antibiotic use and assess resistance, but the lack of standardisation and long-term quantitative data on ant...