5 documents found, page 1 of 1
Immunity and tolerance to fungi in hematopoietic transplantation : principles a...
Carvalho, Agostinho; Cunha, Cristina; Bozza, Silvia; Moretti, Silvia; Massi-Benedetti, Cristina; Bistoni, Francesco; Aversa, Franco; Romani, LuiginaResistance and tolerance are two complementary host defense mechanisms that increase fitness in response to low-virulence fungi. Resistance is meant to reduce pathogen burden during infection through innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, whereas tolerance mitigates the substantial cost of resistance to host fitness through a multitude of anti-inflammatory mechanisms, including immunological tolerance. In exper...
Immunotherapy of aspergillosis
Carvalho, Agostinho; Cunha, Cristina; Bistoni, Francesco; Romani, LuiginaWe thank C. M. Benedetti for digital art and editing.; Management of invasive aspergillosis in high-risk patients remains challenging. There is an increasing demand for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing or restoring antifungal immunity in immunocompromised patients. In this regard, modulation of specific innate immune functions and vaccination are promising immunotherapeutic strategies. Recent fin...
DAMP signaling in fungal infections and diseases
Cunha, Cristina; Carvalho, Agostinho; Esposito, Antonella; Bistoni, Francesco; Romani, LuiginaFungal infections and diseases predominantly affect patients with deregulated immunity. Compelling experimental and clinical evidence indicate that severe fungal diseases belong to the spectrum of fungus-related inflammatory diseases. Some degree of inflammation is required for protection during the transitional response occurring temporally between the rapid innate and slower adaptive response. However, progre...
Host defense pathways against fungi : the basis for vaccines and immunotherapy
Carvalho, Agostinho; Cunha, Cristina; Iannitti, Andrea; Casagrande, Andrea; Bistoni, Francesco; Aversa, Franco; Romani, LuiginaFungal vaccines have long been a goal in the fields of immunology and microbiology to counter the high mortality and morbidity rates owing to fungal diseases, particularly in immunocompromised patients. However, the design of effective vaccination formulations for durable protection to the different fungi has lagged behind due to the important differences among fungi and their biology and our limited understand...
Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor genes and susceptibility to infections in a...
Carvalho, Agostinho; Cunha, Cristina; Carotti, Alessandra; Aloisi, Teresa; Guarrera, Ornella; Di Ianni, Mauro; Falzetti, Franca; Bistoni, FrancescoObjective Discovery of genetic variations in the genes encoding for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has highlighted a potential link between genomic variation of the host and susceptibility to infections. Materials and Methods We investigated the association between polymorphisms in the TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 genes in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and susceptibility to infections caused b...